Abstract: The present paper elaborate the national characteristics of the identifications of the collaborative nations, the reprint nations and the first nations from the view of disciplines employing the excellent academics belongs to international collaboration extracted from the Web of Science. The major findings of this study are presented as follows: (1) the highest isomorphism locates in the reprint nations, which implies the instructors of the difference disciplines with less differentiation; (2) the first nations and the reprint nations commit the rule of “80/20”, and mainly occupied by the group of G7 nations, especially USA; (3) comparing to collaborate with G7 nations, China tends to be an instructor and a major consummator with none-G7 nations. Finally, the study presents the shortcomings and corresponding possible improvements in the future.

摘要： 本文以 Web of Science数据库收录的首批“985工程”高校卓越学术产出中国际合作论文为样本，从学科视角，对合作国家、通讯国家及第一国家三种合作身份进行了国别特征研究，发现：（1）各学科通讯国家国别同构程度最高，即表明不同学科国际合作论文指导者差别较小；（2）第一国家、通讯国家均基本符合“80/20”原则，且以美国为首的G7国家在中国国际合作论文第一国家与通讯国家中占据了主要位置；（3）中国与非G7国家合作时承担科研指导者与主要完成者的可能性较大，与G7国家合作时承担科研指导者与主要完成者的难度较大。同时，文末对存在不足及未来可能的研究方向进行了分析。

关键词: 学科, 卓越学术, 国际合作, 合作特征, 合作国别, Disciplines, Excellent Academics, International Collaboration, Collaborative Characteristics, Collaboration Nation