• How to speed up the construction of high-level talent highland?—Configuration research based on data from 35 cities around the world
• 2025 Vol. 43 (11): 2241-2250.
• Abstract ( )
• The construction of high-level talent highland is an important strategic support for achieving high-level scientific and technological self-reliance. High-level talent highland means that the talent center resources are successfully transformed into innovative efficiency, and the regional talent development environment is the foundation and key, and the regional talent development environment is the foundation and key. Based on the theory of talent innovation and entrepreneurship ecosystem, this study uses the data of 35 cities around the world to analyze how the complex environment composed of economic development environment, education and technology environment, policy and institutional environment, human resources environment, natural ecological environment and social and cultural environment affects the construction of high-level talent highland from the perspective of configuration. The findings are as follows: (1) There are seven paths, including "dual-driven human resources and education technology environment" and "policy system and social and cultural environment driven under the dual logic of human resources and education technology environment". (2) The human resource environment appears simultaneously in all configurations, indicating that under different environmental configurations, the human resource environment is the core environmental influencing factor, coupled with other environmental factors to drive the construction of high-water talent highland. (3) Through configuration comparison, it is found that there is an asymmetric relationship between high efficiency and low efficiency in the construction of high-level talent highland. The conclusion of this study can further clarify the complex environmental path of constructing high-level talent highland, and provide reference for accelerating the construction of high-level talent highland.

• Basic research; Strategic orientation; Organizational system; Problems and countermeasures
• 2025 Vol. 43 (11): 2251-2260.
• Abstract ( )
• At this stage, China's socialist modernization has entered a new journey of high-quality development, achieved high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and built a strong country in science and technology has put forward urgent needs and higher requirements for basic research. Under the new situation, how to give full play to the role of the national strategic scientific and technological strength, more effectively organize and promote the systematic basic research of strategic orientation, solve the major scientific problems of the national strategic demand, consolidate the foundation of scientific and technological self-reliance and lead the economic and social development is a major scientific and technological management problem that needs to be solved urgently. This paper defines the concept of strategic basic research, namely "around the national strategic needs and the development direction of the world's scientific frontiers, organizing and continuously carrying out major goal-oriented basic research to solve major scientific problems in the country's economic and social development, promoting major originality in the scientific frontiers, strengthening scientific infrastructure and capacity building, and providing source support for cultivating and forming new quality productivity". And analyzes and refines the organizational structure of strategic basic research, which consists of organizational management system, planning system and project management system, and compares and analyzes the organizational system of strategic basic research science and technology plans(projects) in China from the aspects of strategic positioning and funding fields, selection and funding methods and funding intensity, organizational management and implementation methods. In view of the lack of top-level design and overall coordination, the lack of systematic layout of strategic-oriented basic research around the major needs of economic and social development and national security, the lack of project organization methods, the lack of directional and stable support and continuous funding, etc., this paper puts forward the overall ideas and countermeasures for improving the organizational system of strategic-oriented basic research in China. The general idea of optimizing China's strategic-oriented basic research organization system is: strengthening top-level design and overall coordination; Strengthen systematic layout and inter-departmental coordination; Adhere to the combination of directional stability support and competitive funding; Strengthen strategic guidance, dynamic monitoring and performance evaluation. And from defining strategic objectives, formulating strategic planning, strengthening overall coordination, strengthening strategic consultation and guidance, implementing the "four-in-one" systematic layout of projects, facilities, bases and talents around major plans and key areas, improving the concise organization mode of major scientific issues, strengthening the coordination of inter-departmental scientific and technological plans and project organization and implementation, effectively exerting the role of the national strategic basic research force, adopting the funding method of combining directional stable support with competitive funding, and strengthening the organization and implementation of scientific and technological plans and major projects.

• How can “Pillars of a Great Power” achieve breakthroughs in key core technologies? —Adaptive evolution based on innovation ecosystem
• 2025 Vol. 43 (11): 2261-2272.
• Abstract ( )
• As a core equipment with strategic significance, the breakthrough in key core technologies of the “Pillars of a Great Power” is not only an important engine for enhancing China’s international status, but also a cornerstone for ensuring China’s scientific and technological security. With the risk of supply chain disruptions for critical core components posing a serious threat to the high-quality development of our economy and even national security, the urgency for breakthrough in key core technology of the “Pillars of a Great Power” is becoming increasingly pronounced. Current research on breakthrough in key core technologies of the “Pillars of a Great Power” primarily focuses on the process of achieving these breakthroughs and the differential roles of the main actor involved. In reality, technological breakthroughs are deeply rooted in their contextual systems, yet existing research has overlooked the unique context of breakthrough in key core technologies of the “Pillars of a Great Power”. To this end, by choosing to conduct a longitudinal exploratory single-case study on heavy-duty gas turbines, based on the phased context of breakthroughs in key core technologies of the “Pillars of a Great Power”, delineates the process of breakthrough in key core technologies within the evolution of the innovation ecosystem, thereby expanding the theoretical research on the key core technology of the “Pillars of a Great Power”.

• How to Break Through the Challenges of 'Bottleneck' Technology: a Comparative Study Based on the New Energy Vehicle Industry and the Semiconductor Industry
• 2025 Vol. 43 (11): 2273-2282.
• Abstract ( )
• How to break through the bottleneck technology in the context of anti globalization has become a strategic issue for China's future development. After comparing the development differences between China's new energy vehicle industry and semiconductor industry, this article finds that the government's forward-looking industrial policies, market competition, and domestic super large market are important factors for China's new energy vehicle industry to "overtaking the curves", while the semiconductor industry does not have these conditions. Breaking through the bottleneck technology along the technology path dominated by developed countries in Europe and America poses difficulties such as technological monopoly and difficulty in catching up. In addition, the technology path dominated by developed countries in Europe and America has path dependence and supply chain stickiness, which provides an opportunity for China to achieve "overtaking the curves" in the bottleneck technology field. Whether to adopt a market driven model or a government led model for breaking through the bottleneck technology depends on the length of the industrial chain, the complexity of the technology (innovation uncertainty), as well as the public goods characteristics of the industry and market demand. Industries with relatively short industrial chains, relatively determined technological innovation paths, strong public goods characteristics, high fixed asset investment, or uncertain market demand are suitable for adopting a government led model. The spontaneous market model also requires industrial policies to support the "bottleneck" technological links from the perspective of the entire industry chain. The government led industrial development model should also focus on the interaction between the government and the market, and attach importance to the role of market mechanisms.

• Can the Agglomeration of Major Scientific Facilities Drive "Dual Enhancement in Quantity and Quality" of Technological Innovation in the Low-Altitude Economy?
• 2025 Vol. 43 (11): 2283-2299.
• Abstract ( )
• As critical platforms for national efforts in core technology breakthroughs, advancing high-level scientific and technological self-reliance, and fostering novel productive forces, the spatial agglomeration of major scientific facilities plays a pivotal role in driving technological innovation within strategic emerging industries. Taking multiple technological innovations in the urban low-altitude economy as a case study, this research utilizes panel data from 118 cities across five national-level urban clusters from 2010 to 2023. First, we measure and identify multidimensional innovation indicators and the full-chain innovation ecosystem in low-altitude economy technologies using patent application data for low-altitude economy inventions and Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) topic modeling. Subsequently, a causal forest model is constructed to infer the multidimensional mechanisms through which major scientific facility agglomeration influences the low-altitude economy. Key findings include: (1) The agglomeration of major scientific facilities significantly promotes disruptive, quasi-disruptive, and supportive technological innovations in the urban low-altitude economy. (2) Such agglomeration enhances both the quality-scale value and unit value of technological innovations in this field. (3) Current low-altitude economy innovation chains in China comprise 14 technical themes, with facility agglomeration positively driving evolutionary advancements in 8 key areas, including UAV foundational structures, vibration-damping systems, and UAV remote sensing mapping.

• Open Source Innovation: Theoretical Connotations, Knowledge Framework and Future Prospects
• 2025 Vol. 43 (11): 2300-2311.
• Abstract ( )
• With the rapid development of the digital economy and artificial intelligence, open innovation models have become increasingly widespread, emerging as a crucial driver of scientific and technological progress and economic growth. However, discussions in existing literature on aspects such as discussing the connotation of open source innovation, differentiating theoretical perspectives, and analyzing and engaging in dialogue on research topics are scattered, lacking systematic review and summary. This paper conducts a comprehensive review of 321 papers related to the theme of open source innovation that were included in SSCI-indexed journals from 2001 to 2023. Based on a review of the origin of open source innovation, it deeply analyzes the theoretical connotations of this concept and summarizes the dominant theoretical perspectives for distinguishing the existing connotations of open source innovation. Further, this paper constructs an “Element-Mechanism-Outcome (EMO)” knowledge framework for open source innovation. It summarizes four basic elements of open source innovation (open source developers, open source projects, open source communities, and open source licenses), three major mechanisms in the operation process of open source innovation (development collaboration mechanism, community regulation mechanism, and business operation mechanism), and three aspects of effectiveness in the value evaluation of open source innovation (scientific and technological effectiveness, industrial effectiveness, and social effectiveness). This paper also puts forward the future research prospects of open source innovation, thereby contributing to the expansion of knowledge in theoretical research on open source innovation and providing insights for the policy practice of open source innovation.

• The Impact of Interdisciplinary Mobility on Scholars' Academic Performance: A Case Study in the Field of Artificial Intelligence
• 2025 Vol. 43 (11): 2312-2323.
• Abstract ( )

• Research on the Early Identification Method of Breakthrough Papers Based on Machine Learning
• 2025 Vol. 43 (11): 2324-2335.
• Abstract ( )
• Breakthrough research is groundbreaking, forward-looking and leading scientific research that may lead to profound changes in scientific paradigms. Breakthrough papers are an important carrier and manifestation of breakthrough research. Early identification of breakthrough papers plays an important role in leading the frontier exploration of scientific research, guiding the efficient allocation of corporate R&D resources, and supporting the forward-looking layout decision-making of the government's innovation strategy. Therefore, how to efficiently and accurately identify breakthrough papers in the process of scientific and technological innovation has become a research hotspot in academic community. However, most of the current research on the identification of breakthrough papers focuses on some indicator characteristic data of the papers themselves. The selected indicators lack a close connection with the essential characteristics of scientific breakthroughs, and there is still a lack of an indicator system for identifying breakthrough papers from the perspective of knowledge breakthrough, knowledge innovation, and knowledge interdisciplinary. In addition, when using bibliometric methods to identify breakthrough papers, most of the existing identification methods are based on citation analysis methods, which has a time lag in early identifying breakthrough papers. Therefore, in view of the shortcomings in the current research on early identifying breakthrough papers, in this paper, we proposed a method for early identification of breakthrough papers based on machine learning. The research ideas of this method are as follows: firstly, according to the nature of breakthrough papers, an indicator system for identifying breakthrough papers was constructed from three dimensions: knowledge breakthrough, knowledge innovation, and knowledge interdisciplinary. At the same time, the characteristics of the subject of knowledge discovery or creation will also have an important impact on whether the knowledge is breakthrough. Thus, in order to be able to identify breakthrough papers more comprehensively and accurately, we added the characteristics of the authors of the papers when constructing the indicator system for identifying breakthrough papers, and constructed a comprehensive identification indicator system including the text characteristics, quantitative characteristics, and author characteristics of breakthrough papers. Secondly, we introduced machine learning methods into the research on the identification of breakthrough papers. By using the nonlinear relationship pattern acquisition ability of machine learning, we extracted the correlation relationship pattern between the characteristics of breakthrough papers and their breakthrough, and used this pattern to identify breakthrough papers at an early stage. This method solves the time lag problem of identifying breakthrough papers. Finally, taking the biomedical field as an example, we verified the feasibility and effectiveness of this method. The results of the case study in the biomedical field show that starting from the essence of breakthrough research, integrating the text characteristics, quantitative characteristics and author characteristics of the paper can more comprehensively and systematically characterize the breakthrough information of the paper; the use of machine learning algorithms can effectively solve the time lag problem in the identification of breakthrough papers and can achieve early identification of breakthrough papers. The breakthrough papers identification method based on machine learning provides a new research method for the early identification of breakthrough papers.

• Literature Aging in Open Science: A Case Study in Biomedical Sciences
• 2025 Vol. 43 (11): 2336-2349.
• Abstract ( )

• Research on the Matthew effect of funded research output and its relationship with impact——A case study of humanities and social sciences in universities
• 2025 Vol. 43 (11): 2350-2361.
• Abstract ( )
• The fairness and rationality in the selection of funding recipients and the allocation process are key considerations for policymakers in formulating research fund policies. Investigating the institutional concentration of funded research outcomes and its relationship with impact contributes to better optimization and allocation of research resources. This paper takes the field of humanities and social sciences as an example, using SSCI and CSSCI journal article data from universities to conduct a comparative analysis of the concentration differences between funded and non-funded research papers. It explores the Matthew effect of research output under funding and its relationship with impact. The research results show that the concentration of SSCI papers in the humanities and social sciences is higher than that of CSSCI papers. However, the Matthew effect of funded research output is generally weakening, and the gap in concentration between funded and non-funded papers is narrowing. The concentration of funded SSCI international journal papers shows a certain negative correlation with citation rates, as is the case for papers funded by the National Natural Science Foundation. However, the opposite is true for funded CSSCI papers and papers funded by the National Social Science Foundation. The findings of this study offer important insights for optimizing funding policies, rationally allocating research funds, and enhancing the international influence of academic research in the humanities and social sciences.

• Different roads lead to Rome：On the promotion of information technology to the innovation of governance
• 2025 Vol. 43 (11): 2362-2369.
• Abstract ( )
• It is an important proposition that information technology promotes the innovation of governance. Existing studies focus on the approaches and effect, but do not fully explain how "promotion" occurs. Based on the different understanding of causality, this paper constructs a theoretical model about promotion types, and then takes it as a framework for systematic discussion combined with empirical materials. The research shows that information technology can play five basic roles in the innovation of governance, such as construction (as the independent variable), catalysis (as the moderating variable), bridging (as the mediating variable), synergy (as the covariant variable) and triggering (as the instrumental variable). In the future, the specific situation of innovation is worth paying attention to and the follow-up research on "what kind of promotion will occur under what conditions" will likely be carried out.

• Iterative Innovation Patterns of SRDI Enterprises: A Multi-case Analysis Based on Different Innovation Contexts
• 2025 Vol. 43 (11): 2370-2378.
• Abstract ( )
• Iterative innovation refers to the rapid development, feedback, and trial of products achieved by enterprises through micro focus, micro innovation, and micro iteration, in order to adapt to the constantly changing market environment and customer preferences. Therefore, the iterative innovation of SRDI enterprises has a significant characteristic of "small steps, fast running, and iterative approximation", and has become an important channel for the high-quality development of SRDI enterprises in the era of digital intelligence. The high-quality development of SRDI enterprises not only contributes to the development of new quality productivity, but also enhances the resilience of China's industrial and supply chains to facilitate the dual circulation of international and domestic markets. However, the differences in industry categories and innovation structures among SRDI enterprises in different industries will inevitably lead to differences in the allocation of innovation resources and trigger heterogeneity in iterative innovation. Therefore, it has become a consensus in academia that the heterogeneity of iterative innovation among numerous SRDI enterprises urgently needs to be explored. Existing literature has conducted extensive research on the antecedents, mechanisms, and consequences of the growth of SRDI enterprises, recognizing the important role of iterative innovation in business design, industrial design, and organizational design. However, there is a lack of in-depth research on the iterative innovation models of SRDI enterprises, and a lack of establishing connections between innovation contexts and iterative innovation models. In view of this, this article explores the iterative innovation patterns of SRDI enterprises and its matching with innovation contexts. By comparing the process and details of iterative innovation in the surveyed enterprises, two important contextual factors that affect the iterative innovation patterns of SRDI enterprises were first identified - external environment perception and innovation risk perception. Based on these two contextual factors, a 2*2 theoretical analysis framework was constructed. By scanning the iterative innovation process of the case enterprises in the data, the characteristics of iterative innovation in SRDI enterprises in different contexts were summarized, and four modes of iterative innovation in SRDI enterprises were extracted, namely: instant iteration, dual iteration, scenario iteration, and lean iteration. Instant iteration focuses on adapting to market changes through rapid product iteration, dual iteration emphasizes the dual characteristics of fast and slow iteration speed, scenario iteration focuses on applying core technologies to more scenarios, and lean iteration focuses on considering innovation investment costs and risks. Finally, this article chooses pattern matching technology to construct the relationship between context factors and the iterative innovation patterns of SRDI enterprises. The research conclusion expands the Y-shaped model for the growth of SRDI enterprises, providing specific guidance for them to deploy iterative innovation models according to different innovation scenarios, amplifying the "multiplier" effect of iterative innovation models for SRDI enterprises, forming more replicable experience methods, and creating a joint force to support integrated innovation development. This article extracts the iterative innovation patterns of SRDI enterprises in unique contexts, providing important references for SRDI enterprises in different industries to successfully implement iterative innovation based on their own contexts. It can also provide useful references for relevant government departments to formulate targeted policies to support the growth of SRDI enterprises.

• A study on the post management mode to stimulate innovative behavior of scientific and technological talents
• 2025 Vol. 43 (11): 2379-2388.
• Abstract ( )
• Scientific and technological innovation is the core element of developing new-quality productivity. Under the background of accelerating the development of new-quality productivity, how to reform the management mechanism to better stimulate the innovative behavior of scientific and technological talents is an important practical problem. Post management is a commonly used employment mechanism in Chinese public research institutes and is an important part of the reform of the management mechanism of scientific and technological talents. Although prior studies have suggested that post management has significant effects on scientific and technological talents, the existing literature lacks a systematic discussion on the post management mode that can stimulate the innovative behavior of scientific and technological talents (hereinafter referred to as “innovative post management mode”) and ignores the corresponding empirical tests. To narrow these gaps, this study draws on ability-motivation-opportunity (AMO) theory to refine innovative post management mode and develop its measuring scale; meanwhile, this study also explores the effect and mechanism of innovative post management mode on scientific and technological talents’ innovative behavior. AMO theory posits that individual behavior is a function of ability, motivation, and opportunity. In this vein, in order to stimulate the innovative behavior of scientific and technological talents, the post management mode of public research institutes should provide opportunities for scientific and technological talents to achieve innovation and ensure that scientific and technological talents have sufficient innovative ability and strong innovative motivation in their posts. Based on the in-depth interviews with the samples from eight national and provincial public research institutes in Zhejiang Province, this study verified the aforementioned theoretical conjecture and extracted three characteristics of innovative post management mode. Specifically, strategic post setting is the “opportunity” feature of innovative post management mode, which guides scientific and technological talents to focus on the organizational strategy and do organized research; adaptive post employment is the “ability” feature of innovative post management mode, which gives full play to the innovative potential and expertise of scientific and technological talents; value-oriented post incentive is the “motivation” feature of innovative post management mode, which stimulates the enthusiasm of scientific and technological talents to carry out innovative activities. Further, based on these three characteristics, we followed the classical scale development procedure to form a three-dimensional scale of innovative post management mode which contained 19 items. Innovative vitality is a kind of high-energy state that occurs when one has strong ability and motivation to engage in innovative activities. This state also usually means that one has the opportunity of innovation. Thus, innovative vitality can be regarded as a comprehensive psychological representation that the three elements of AMO are at higher levels. According to AMO theory, it is reasonable to infer that when scientific and technological talents’ innovative vitality is stimulated by innovative post management mode, scientific and technological talents may have more innovative behavior. In other words, innovative vitality may play a mediating role in the relationship between innovative post management mode and innovative behavior. Given this, we collected 293 sample data from 25 national, provincial, and municipal public research institutes in Zhejiang Province. The empirical analyses showed that innovative post management mode significantly promoted scientific and technological talents’ innovative behavior, and innovative vitality mediated the positive effect of innovative post management mode on innovative behavior. This study enriches the literature on post management in Chinese public research institutes and provides an effective measurement tool for further empirical research on post management. At the same time, the present study also extends the understanding of the antecedents of scientific and technological talents’ innovative behavior and responds to the call for more research on innovative vitality. Our findings can provide some important implications for public research institutes to deepen the reform of post management, thereby contributing to the development of both talents and new-quality productivity. Future research can investigate the potential moderating mechanism so as to more comprehensively uncover the influencing mechanism of innovative post management mode on innovative behavior. In addition, exploring the influences of innovative post management mode on team- and organization-level innovation performance is also a valuable future research direction.

• Ecological Embedding and New Product Development - From the Perspective of Opportunity Resource Integration Capability
• 2025 Vol. 43 (11): 2389-2400.
• Abstract ( )
• :In today's economic environment, the ecological embedding and new product development of platform economy technology-based entrepreneurial enterprises have become key issues for enterprise development, which is both a challenge and an opportunity. On the one hand, in the process of ecological embedding, the market positioning of science and technology-based entrepreneurial enterprises is ambiguous, and it is difficult to accurately grasp the target customer groups, which puts them in a passive position in the market competition; the organizational structure is imperfect, and the coordination among departments is poor, which affects the operational efficiency of the enterprise, resulting in the enterprise's own development being limited, and it is difficult to establish an effective linkage with the other participants in the platform; the innovation resources are insufficient, and it lacks sufficient funds, talents and technical support. and technical support, making it easy for enterprises to deviate from the strategic goals of the platform enterprise in the process of ecological embedding. On the other hand, platform eco-embedding shortens the distance between enterprises and the upstream and downstream of the supply chain, and through multi-body interaction, enterprises can capture market demand more keenly and discover more business opportunities and new business forms. Firms can also leverage the reputation of the platform to enhance the legitimacy of new products. Existing scholars mainly analyze from a separate opportunity or resource perspective, but the independent perspective does not fully respond to the complex process of ecological embedding's effect on the integration of internal and external opportunity resources of enterprises, therefore, this paper integrates the integration of opportunity resources with embedding theory, and takes dynamic capabilities as a carrier to comprehensively consider the complex process of ecological embedding's effect on science and technology entrepreneurial enterprises. An empirical analysis was conducted on 365 technology-based entrepreneurial enterprises, and the results of the study show that: there is an inverted U-shaped relationship between ecological embeddedness and new product development performance; there is an inverted U-shaped relationship between ecological embeddedness and opportunity resource integration capability, and external opportunity resource integration capability has a significant positive effect on new product development performance; technological complexity has a positive moderating effect on the relationship between ecological embeddedness and new product development performance; and there is no significant effect on the relationship between ecological embeddedness and opportunity resource integration capability. Technical complexity has a positive moderating effect on the relationship between ecological embeddedness and new product development performance, and has no significant effect on the relationship between ecological embeddedness and external opportunity resource integration capability. The results of the study have certain theoretical contributions. Firstly, taking “newborn and weak” science and technology-based entrepreneurial enterprises as the research object is in line with the logic of platform ecological value co-creation, and at the same time, it is able to deeply explore the specific role of ecological embeddedness in the three dimensions of industrial chain, complementary products, and ecological resources embedded in the development of new products of enterprises. Secondly, the opportunity resource integration capability is introduced as a mediating variable. The original view is mainly based on the opportunity perspective or resource perspective, ignoring the complex process of the two under ecological embeddedness, and the opportunity-resource integration capability can make up for this, which can systematically and dynamically analyze the entrepreneurial performance of science and technology-based entrepreneurial enterprises under ecological embeddedness. Finally, technological complexity is introduced as a moderating variable. The exogenous driver of the degree of ecological embeddedness is considered, which further enriches the contextual study of ecological embeddedness of technology-based entrepreneurial enterprises.

• The logic behind the rising technology standardization capability of "Little Giant" enterprises in a dynamic environment
• 2025 Vol. 43 (11): 2401-2411.
• Abstract ( )

• Resource Misallocation, Digital New Quality Productivity and Output Losses
• 2025 Vol. 43 (11): 2412-2424.
• Abstract ( )
• This study extends traditional growth accounting by incorporating data elements, developing a theoretical framework that examines how distortions in capital, labor, and data factor allocations affect total output. Our model specifically analyzes the relationships between resource misallocation, digital new quality productivity development, and economic performance. Using 2011-2016 China Tax Survey data, we measure resource misallocation and digital new quality productivity levels across three key sectors: (1) scientific research and technology services, (2) information technology services, and (3) selected high-end manufacturing industries. Our methodology decomposes output contributions while estimating single-factor distortion effects, output losses, and potential gains. Key findings reveal: First, capital demonstrates persistent over-allocation and volatility, while labor and data allocations remain relatively stable across all sectors. Second, digital new quality productivity exhibits instability, initially showing minor fluctuations before significant variations, with particularly strong performance in digitally transformed manufacturing sectors compared to core digital industries. Third, China's growth primarily stems from digital new quality productivity gains rather than factor inputs, though substantial negative impacts from factor distortions outweigh these productivity benefits. Fourth, factor misallocation causes annual output losses of 54.54%-66.09%, with potential gains of 119.98%-194.90% achievable through distortion mitigation. Notably, capital, labor, and data factors (controlling for externalities) significantly influence digital new quality productivity development. These results carry important policy implications for China's digital transformation, suggesting the need for: (1) factor market price mechanism reforms tailored to industry-specific conditions, (2) strategic development of digital new quality productivity, and (3) focused cultivation of emerging and future industries. Our findings particularly highlight the critical need to address factor market distortions that currently constrain productivity growth.

• Role of government guidance fund in promoting transformation of scientific and technological achievements
• 2025 Vol. 43 (11): 2425-2437.
• Abstract ( )
• The transformation of scientific and technological achievements is crucial for converting scientific advancements into productive forces, thereby playing a pivotal role in fostering high-quality economic and social development. Government guidance funds are an innovative fiscal instrument for implementing China's innovation-driven development strategy. Much of the attention from various sectors of society is focused on how these funds influence venture capital and technological innovation. However, there has been limited academic exploration into how government guidance funds impact the transformation of scientific and technological achievements. In January 2025, the State Council issued the policy document "Guidelines on Promoting High-Quality Development of Government Investment Funds", which explicitly emphasized the establishment of a coordinated mechanism. This mechanism involves national major science and technology projects supporting front-end research and development, while government investment funds support the transformation and industrialization of achievements. Consequently, investigating the impact of government guidance funds on the transformation of scientific and technological achievements holds significant theoretical and practical implications. From a theoretical perspective, this article first integrates government guidance funds and the transformation of scientific and technological achievements into the same framework, aiming to reveal the potential relationship between these two elements. From an empirical perspective, this study constructs balanced panel data based on the transfer data of invention patents authorized in China from 2008 to 2018 and the establishment information of government guidance funds across 284 cities. We conduct an empirical analysis using a two-way fixed effects model to provide evidence supporting the aforementioned theoretical hypotheses. Finally, by considering the heterogeneity of city characteristics and fund types, the study further examines the heterogeneous effects of government guidance funds on the transformation of scientific and technological achievements. The results demonstrate that government guidance funds significantly enhance the transformation of scientific and technological achievements. On the one hand, they exert a "leverage effect" by mobilizing venture capital and empowering innovation entities to address funding gaps. On the other hand, they generate a "guidance effect" by fostering enterprise clustering and facilitating industry-university-research collaboration, thereby systematically enhancing scientific and technological achievement transformation. Furthermore, threshold regression analysis reveals no threshold effect for fund scale but a significant threshold effect for the number of funds. Beyond this threshold, the positive impact on the transformation of scientific and technological achievements may markedly diminish due to increased management and supervision difficulties and resource dispersion. The robustness of these conclusions is confirmed through a series of rigorous tests. This paper provides a novel perspective on overcoming bottlenecks in transforming scientific and technological achievements. Additionally, it offers empirical evidence and policy recommendations for continuously refining the government guidance fund system, promoting the better integration of "capable government" and "effective market".

• Data Flow, Data Factorization and Digital Economy Operation
• 2025 Vol. 43 (11): 2438-2446.
• Abstract ( )
• Abstract: the digital economy with data as the key factor of production is changing the mode of production organization and becoming the key momentum of high-quality development, but there is a lack of basic theoretical research on how the digital economy is formed and operated. This paper puts forward the industrial digitization path of the unique operation mechanism of the data characteristic "data element" digital economy, regards the data element as the core process of the industry digitization transformation, and expounds the triple constraints faced by the data element transformation. and around the data reuse to carry out data cycle iterative data element process analysis, in this process, the data mechanism plays the role of resource allocation and regulating the operation of digital economy. This paper combines the research of data and digital economy, understands the internal operation mechanism of digital economy from the point of view of the flow of data elements, and provides theoretical inspiration for deepening the development of digital economy and accelerating the digital transformation of traditional industries.

• The Free Flow and Security Protection of Cross-Border Data
• 2025 Vol. 43 (11): 2447-2453.
• Abstract ( )
• With globalization and technological advancements, the rise of networked open innovation model has fostered global innovation networks and accelerated the flow of data worldwide, while also posing security risks at national, societal, and individual levels. Countries face a “trilemma” between data sovereignty, free data flow, and data security protection, resulting in two models: “data liberalization” and “data localization”, which are gradually converging through strategic competition. China should clarify its role in global digital governance and, under the guidance of the holistic national security concept, shift its policy focus from security-first to a balanced approach emphasizing both development and security, which should be reflected in subsequent legislation. To ensure secure and orderly cross-border data flow, efforts should be made to leverage new technologies for data security and build international cooperation network through the Belt and Road Initiative, enhancing China’s role in the global digital economy.

• Are Chinese netizens' discussions on technology more “scientific”? - Diachronic calculation and analysis of Weibo discussions on three major technological controversies
• 2025 Vol. 43 (11): 2454-2464.
• Abstract ( )
• According to the 13th Sample Survey Report on Chinese Citizens’ Scientific Literacy released by the China Association for Science and Technology, in 2023, 14.14% of Chinese citizens possessed scientific literacy. This is over 4.3 times higher than the 3.27% recorded in 2010. Based solely on this data, Chinese citizens’ scientific literacy appears to have improved rapidly with optimized structure. More citizens are paying attention to science, learning science, and participating in technological innovation activities. Additionally, with the development of digital environments, public online discussions about science and technology issues have become more active and diverse. However, although China’s overall scientific literacy rate has increased yearly at a considerable pace, it remains unclear whether their online scientific discussions reflect this improvement. Many studies hold completely opposite viewpoints. Therefore, we address this core research question: from a long-term perspective, are Chinese netizens’ discussions about science and technology topics becoming more “scientific”? That is, do their online science and technology discussions increasingly demonstrate essential components of scientific literacy (scientific knowledge, methods, capabilities, and spirit)? Are these discussions focusing more on science-related dimensions (e.g., scientific knowledge or methods) rather than non-scientific dimensions? Here, we define “scientization” of online discussions as: (1) a greater tendency to discuss topics from scientific perspectives (e.g., scientific knowledge, methods, evidence, and data), and (2) a greater tendency to use scientific thinking and expression in online discourse. For answering the above questions, this study selected three mainstream controversial science and technology topics: “GMOs”, “climate change”, and “artificial intelligence (AI)”. Using the Python MediaCrawler project, we collected related Weibo posts from 2018 to 2022. After filtering irrelevant, duplicate, and textually meaningless data, we obtained 197,998 posts (GMOs), 358,045 posts (climate change), and 461,793 posts (AI). Then this study conducted diachronic semantic network analysis and sentiment analysis on these posts. The results show: the rapidly growing scientific literacy has not directly manifested in netizens’ online discussions about technology topics. For “GMOs” and “climate change”, scientific dimensions in discussions are gradually being replaced by economic, commercial, political (especially international political) dimensions. For “AI”, while surface-level scientific discussions have increased, conspiracy theories have also risen. The apparent “scientization” may reflect increased attention to superficial scientific frameworks rather than deeper internalization of advanced scientific cognition. Chinese netizens showed no clear trend of “increasing scientization” across all three topics. Either, scientific dimensions decreased, scientific frameworks were overshadowed by “political-economic” perspectives, or scientific frameworks coexisted with “anti-scientific” frameworks like conspiracy theories. Improved public scientific literacy is expected to show a "competitive" pattern where scientific perspectives rise, and non-scientific perspectives decline. Instead, our findings reveal an inverse pattern: declining scientific perspectives alongside rising non-scientific perspectives, plus a “collaborative” pattern between scientific perspectives and conspiracy theories. This indicates that when discussing controversial topics, Chinese netizens’ online behavior does not align with their rapidly improving scientific literacy. Furthermore, no direct correlation exists between scientific dimensions in discussions and netizens’ attitudes toward these technologies. This suggests scientific discussion hasn’t been internalized as genuine scientific cognition or informed attitudes. Individual scientific literacy has not played its expected positive role in online technology discussions. Overall, Chinese netizens’ online science and technology discussions continue to exhibit chaotic and unscientific characteristics.