Abstract: How to reduce the risk of failures and deal with innovation failure is the focus of management in the uncertain environment, the influence of learning from failures on innovation performance rarely causes the attention of scholars. Variable of learning from failures ignored by traditional literatures was pulled in, the core framework of social capital, learning from failures and innovation performance was formed, hypothesizes were test by using correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis and mediating effect test with research team as the object of the empirical analysis according to the survey data. The results showed that social capital can significantly enhance innovation performance, and obviously promote learning from failure, moreover, learning from failures also significantly improve innovation performance, and played a significantly mediating role between social capital and innovation performance. Based on the analysis and discussion of empirical results, the enlightenments were get to provide references for improvement practice of research team innovation.

摘要： 不确定环境下，如何降低创新失败风险以及如何应对创新失败是管理学关心的焦点，但失败学习对创新绩效的作用很少引起学者的关注。通过引入传统文献所忽视的失败学习变量，形成以社会资本、失败学习和创新绩效为核心的分析框架，以科研团队作为实证分析对象，根据实证调查数据，采用相关分析、多元回归和中介效应检验等方法，进行了统计检验。研究结果表明，社会资本能够显著增强科研团队的创新绩效，并显著促进了失败学习的开展，同时，失败学习也显著提升了科研团队创新绩效，并在社会资本和科研团队创新绩效之间起显著的部分中介作用。在对实证结果进行分析和讨论的基础上，得到了促进科研团队创新的启示，为团队创新绩效的提升实践提供了参考。

关键词: 社会资本, 失败学习, 创新绩效, 中介效应, social capital, learning from failures, innovation performance, mediating effect