Abstract: The reform and openness of China’s science, technology, and innovation (STI) system is an integral part of China’s overall reform and openness process. The depth and broadness of China’s STI system reform is no less than any other field in China’s overall reform and openness process. Today, when STI has become a major driver of China’s new economic transition and a commanding height of national competitiveness, it is timely to review China’s STI system reform process and reflect on some major theoretical issues encountered in the reform process.

摘要： 中国科技创新体系的改革开放更是中国整体改革开放的重要组成部分。中国科技创新体系所经历的多次重大的体制机制改革从广度和深度来看不亚于中国改革的任何其它领域，是中国改革开放全过程中波澜壮阔的一章。在科技创新已经成为国家转型发展的根本驱动力和国家间竞争的制高点的今天，对中国科技创新改革开放40年的回顾与反思尤其重要。本文对中国科技创新体系改革的历程分阶段进行了回顾，对科技体制创新改革与发展的实践给中国科技创新政策的研究提出的一系列重大的理论命题进行了反思和探讨。