Abstract: Improving the quality of patent applications from China in The Belt and Road countries is an inherent requirement for the quality development of the “Belt and Road Initiative” and the construction of a strong intellectual property country. In this paper, seven indicators which involves technology quality and text quality were selected to build the evaluating system of the patent application quality. The article uses the structure entropy method to confirm the weight of the indicators. The patent application quality from China to The Belt and Road countries is obviously higher compared with domestic patent application in China, and the high-quality patents are concentrated in the fields of digital communications, computer technology, organic fine chemistry and electrical machinery. The overall quality of patent application from China in Russia is the highest, which in India is lower however. As for the quality condition of patent application from different provinces, Beijing, Jiangsu, Shanghai, Zhejiang, Hubei are distributed in the “large quantity-high quality” stage

摘要： 提高我国向沿线国家的专利申请质量是“一带一路”高质量发展和知识产权强国建设的内在要求，文章从专利申请质量的内涵出发，围绕技术质量和文本质量两个维度，选取7个指标构建了专利申请质量指标体系，使用结构熵权法确立权重，对我国向“一带一路”沿线国家的专利申请质量进行了测度研究。结果表明：我国向沿线国家的专利申请质量显著高于国内专利申请，高质量专利较多集中在数字通信、计算机技术、有机精细化学和电气机械设备等领域；我国向俄罗斯的专利申请整体质量最高，而向印度的申请整体质量较低；从申请来源省份看，北京等5个东部省份向沿线国家专利申请具有高数量-高质量特征，表现出较强的对外申请实力。