Abstract: It is of great significance to study the effect of administrative position of topping scientists on innovation of science and research by comparing administrative position situation of the Nobel Laureates and academicians of CAS. It also can help us understand the general rules of innovation deeply. Statistical results show that administrative position situation of the Nobel Laureates and academicians of CAS appears an obvious contrast，a negative correlation between administrative position and innovation，and some apparent age characteristics. Accordingly，we propose that social role of topping scientists may influence innovation of science and research in many aspects.

Key words: the Nobel Laureates, academicians of CAS, administrative position, innovation of science and research

摘要： 比较诺贝尔奖获得者和中国科学院院士两大群体，研究杰出科学家行政任职对科研创新的影响，对于深入认识科学家科研创新的一般规律，具有重要意义。统计结果显示，上述两大群体的行政任职状况呈现出明显的反差，科学家行政任职与科研创新之间具有一定的负相关性，与此同时，中外杰出科学家行政任职也呈现出明显的年龄特征。据此，可提出我国杰出科学家社会角色定位对科研创新影响的几点思考。

关键词: 诺贝尔奖获得者, 中国科学院院士, 行政任职, 科研创新