Abstract: With globalization and technological advancements, the rise of networked open innovation model has fostered global innovation networks and accelerated the flow of data worldwide, while also posing security risks at national, societal, and individual levels. Countries face a “trilemma” between data sovereignty, free data flow, and data security protection, resulting in two models: “data liberalization” and “data localization”, which are gradually converging through strategic competition. China should clarify its role in global digital governance and, under the guidance of the holistic national security concept, shift its policy focus from security-first to a balanced approach emphasizing both development and security, which should be reflected in subsequent legislation. To ensure secure and orderly cross-border data flow, efforts should be made to leverage new technologies for data security and build international cooperation network through the Belt and Road Initiative, enhancing China’s role in the global digital economy.

摘要： 随着全球化和技术革新的推进，网络化开放创新范式推动了全球创新网络的形成，促进了数据的全球流动，然而也带来了在国家、社会和个人层面的安全风险。各国在数据保护自主权、数据自由流动和数据保护之间面临“三难选择”，实践中形成了“数据自由化”和“数据本地化”保护模式，且两种模式在博弈中趋于融合。明确我国在全球数字治理中的定位，在总体国家安全观的指引下，价值目标应从安全优先转向发展与安全并重，并体现于后续的立法中。为推动数据跨境流动安全有序的自由性，可探索基于新技术保障数据流动安全，依托于“一带一路”倡议构建数据流动的国际合作网络，以在全球数字经济中发挥更大作用。