Abstract: Against the backdrop of intensifying global competition in foundational and frontier technologies, original innovation has become a core driver of technological self-reliance and industrial upgrading. The internal mechanisms of original innovation, particularly the interaction between scientific research and technology R&D have gained increasing scholarly attention. While prior studies have preliminarily revealed the linkage between science and technology from a knowledge-flow perspective, systematic empirical evidence on how the two form a sustained, bidirectional positive feedback loop within the original innovation system remains scarce. To address this gap, this study focuses on the new energy vehicle industry, analyzing paper and patent data from 42 enterprises between 2015 and 2024. Using dynamic structural equation modeling (DSEM), we examine the bidirectional evolution paths, mediating mechanisms, and boundary conditions between scientific research and technology R&D. The results show, first, a significant bidirectional causal relationship between firms’ scientific research intensity and technology R&D intensity, forming a stable positive feedback cycle and promoting sustainable innovation. Second, scientific research quality and technology R&D breadth play key mediating roles in this dynamic transformation. High-quality scientific research enhances the authority and systematization of propositional knowledge, thereby advancing subsequent technology R&D. Broad technology R&D, in turn, expands the scope and diversity of prescriptive knowledge, helping to refine scientific questions and focus research directions. Third, cooperation intensity exerts significant cross-level moderating effects: technology cooperation strengthens the mediating path from research quality to R&D intensity, while research cooperation enhances the transformation from technology breadth to research intensity. These findings underscore the vital role of innovation collaboration in knowledge complementarity and resource integration. This study offers three main theoretical contributions. It provides the first empirical validation of the positive feedback mechanism between science and technology in the original innovation system, deepening the understanding of innovation sustainability. It also reveals the mediating role of propositional and prescriptive knowledge in the bidirectional transformation, extending the knowledge-based view into dynamic innovation research. Finally, it clarifies the enabling effect of collaboration at the firm level, addressing a literature gap that has long emphasized macro-innovation ecosystems while overlooking micro-level transformation mechanisms.

摘要： 原始创新中科学研究和技术研发作为关键组成和始点，其二者的正向反馈是保证创新可持续性的重要机制。尽管已有研究从知识流动角度证明了二者间的互通性，但缺乏关于其双向演进的实证检验。基于此，本研究聚焦新能源汽车产业，通过动态结构方程模型对42家企业2015-2024十年间的论文和专利数据展开分析，以挖掘正反馈效应。结果显示：企业科学研究和技术研发互为因果且形成正反馈闭环；科学研究质量和技术研发广度在双向演进中发挥中介效应；合作强度（科研、技术）交叉调节双向迭代路径，证实了产学研合作在科研和技术转移间的知识补充效应。本研究证实了原始创新体系中科学研究与技术研发间持续互动和双向涌现的核心机制，为原始创新可持续性发展提供新的理论视角。