Abstract: “Creation first and then destruction” is an important policy implementation strategy of the Chinese government to coordinate the competition between old and new technologies and promote the development of emerging technologies, but few scholars have carried out theoretical research. Taking the mission-oriented innovation policy implemented by the Chinese government in the process of promoting the development of new energy vehicles as an example, this paper studies the specific process, realization path and theoretical logic of “creation first and then destruction”. The findings are as follows: (1) the dynamic adjustment process of “creation first and then destruction”is a discretionary process. In the three stages of "achieve innovative breakthroughs", "achieve commercialize" and "enhance international competitiveness", the Chinese government successively adopted the policy implementation strategies of "creation first", " simultaneous combination from creation and destruction" and "creation from destruction"; (2) The implementation strategy of “creation first and then destruction” requires a systematic realization path. "Creation" includes the layout and cultivation of diversified technologies, the creation of market opportunities for commercialization of emerging technologies and the creation of technological opportunities for innovation of emerging technologies, and "destruction" includes reducing the relative competitive advantage of old technologies, breaking the policy protection space of emerging technologies, and destroying the mainstream technical route expectations and visions of old technologies. (3) “Creation first and then destruction” is essentially the government's behavior of intervening the competition between old and new technologies by creating and adjusting the policy protection space, which reflects the organic combination of "promising government" and "effective market".

摘要： “先立后破”是中国政府协调新旧技术竞争关系，推动新兴技术创新赶超的政策实施策略，但较少有学者展开理论研究。本文以中国政府推动新能源汽车发展过程中实施的任务导向型创新政策为例，对“先立后破”的具体过程、实现路径和理论逻辑展开研究。研究发现：（1）“先破后立”是政府针对新兴技术发展过程中相机抉择的政策行为，涵盖了“以立为主”“立破结合”“以破促立”连续一体化的政策实施策略；（2）“先立后破”的实施策略需要系统性的实现路径。“立”包括多样化新兴技术布局与培育，以及市场机会和技术机会的创建；“破”则包括对旧技术相对竞争优势的削弱和主流技术路线期望与愿景的降低，也包括对新兴技术政策保护空间的撤离；（3）“先立后破”本质上是政府通过创建和调整政策保护空间，对新旧技术竞争关系进行调控的行为，体现了“有为政府”和“有效市场”的有机结合。这一研究发现拓展了任务导向型创新政策理论框架，深化了政策执行理论。研究结论将为促进新兴技术发展，提升政策执行效能，提供启示与借鉴。