Abstract: As the importance of science and technology innovation rises in global competition, taking the BRICS expansion as an opportunity, deepening the science and technology (S&T) innovation cooperation among BRICS countries is of great and far-reaching significance to reshape the world’s scientific and technological governance pattern and enhance the discourse power of the countries in the “Global South”. Based on the data of BRICS countries' thesis cooperation from 2000 to 2023, the article analyzes the topology and centrality of BRICS S&T innovation cooperation network from the perspective of dynamic evolution, adopting social network analysis and geographic detector, and examines the influence of multi-dimensional proximity and interaction on the evolution of S&T innovation cooperation network in each stage and the mechanism of the influence. The results show that: (1) during the study period, the scale of BRICS science and technology innovation cooperation network has been enlarged, the cooperation links between the subjects have been gradually increased, the network density has shown a trend of growth followed by a slow decline and remained stable, there is a trend of intensive cooperation and cluster development within the innovation network, the important centers of the innovation subjects have gradually come to the fore, and the topology of the network has gradually developed and matured, and it is in the transitional period of the stochastic network evolving into a scalar-free network. (2) Important center nodes of the cooperation network have come to the fore, exerting important influence and radiation-driven ability; at the same time, the ranking of key intermediary nodes is relatively stable, playing the role of intermediary bridge communication. China is in the core position of leading and spearheading in the BRICS S&T innovation cooperation network, with greater influence. (3) Multi-dimensional proximity factors play different degrees of positive influence in the network, R&D investment proximity is the dominant factor affecting innovation cooperation in the study period, with the highest explanatory power; the influence of geographical proximity gradually decreases and tends to be stable with the advancement of time; and there is a two-factor enhancement interaction between different proximity factors, with different degrees of enhancement effect.

摘要： 随着科技创新在全球竞争中的重要性上升，以金砖扩员为契机，深化金砖国家科技创新合作对重塑世界科技治理格局和提升“全球南方”国家话语权均具有重大而深远的意义。文章基于2000—2023年金砖国家论文合作数据，从动态演化视角，采用社会网络分析法和地理探测器，分析金砖科技创新合作网络的拓扑结构和中心性演化特征，考察各阶段多维邻近性及交互性对科技创新合作网络演化的影响方向和作用机理。结果表明：（1）研究期间，金砖科技创新合作网络规模扩大，主体间的合作联系逐渐增多，网络密度呈现先增长后缓慢下降并保持稳定的态势，创新网络内部存在紧密合作、集聚发展的趋势，重要的创新主体中心逐渐凸显，网络拓扑结构逐渐发育成熟，正处于随机网络向无标度网络演变的过渡期。（2）合作网络重要中心节点凸显，发挥重要影响力和辐射带动能力；同时关键中介节点排名较为稳定，起到中介桥梁的沟通作用。中国在金砖科技创新合作网络中处于领先带头的核心地位，具有较大的影响力。（3）多维邻近性各因子在网络中发挥不同程度的正向影响力，研发投入邻近性是研究时期内影响创新合作的主导因素，解释力最高；地理邻近性的影响程度随着时间推进逐渐降低并趋于平稳；不同邻近因子间存在双因子增强交互，具有不同程度的增强效应。