Abstract: The advent of the fourth industrial revolution has spurred the rapid development of new technologies. While enjoying the convenience brought by the new technology, the public will have certain panic and resistance to the unknown risks caused by the emerging technology, which will be diffused through specific channels and generate the coupling effect of risk perception. Therefore, grasping the social contagion rule of emerging technology risk perception has great theoretical and practical significance for the governance of emerging technology risk. The concept of risk perception contagion coupling is defined, and the contagion mechanism of emerging technology risk perception in the social system is also analyzed based on the "coupling - evolution " process in this paper. Meanwhile, the social contagion quantitative model of risk perception is built. By using numerical simulation, the different impact of internal and external factors on the coupled effect and efficiency of emerging technology risk perception social contagion. The results show that with the increase and deepening of individual psychological distance to emerging technology risks and the degree of public participation in emerging technology risk governance, the superposition effect of risk perception contagion in the social system gradually weakens, the independent effect gradually increases, and the social contagion efficiency of risk perception gradually decreases. With the improvement of individuals' trust in information sources, the attraction effect of social contagion of risk perception becomes increasingly prominent.
Face recognition technology is based on artificial intelligence algorithm and big data analysis to realize the purpose of face recognition. According to different algorithms, there are face recognition technology systems based on 2D recognition algorithm and 3D recognition algorithm. However, no matter what algorithm is based on, there are social risks such as deception attack, technical Leviathan and responsibility risk. Deception attack includes 2D deception attack and 3D deception attack; Leviathan, a face recognition technology, is a composite technology Leviathan which integrates artificial intelligence "Leviathan" and big data "digital Leviathan"; liability risk shows that the existing fault liability principle can not effectively divide the liability rules brought by face recognition technology. In order to prevent the social risks of face recognition technology, in addition to in-depth research and development of the technology, it is also necessary to regulate the scope, means and purpose of the technology from the application end of the technology system.
Disciplinary convergence is a new trend of large-scale interdisciplinary integration, which will have a profound impact on knowledge production and scientific research organization. In this paper, we take Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University and Tsinghua University's School of Life Sciences as examples. Using bibliometrics and network analysis to analyze the knowledge structure and process of disciplinary convergence. The results show that: Based on the commonness and complementarity of the underlying knowledge units, discipline convergence presents the characteristics of discipline-group knowledge structure of life science, material science and Engineering Science; disciplinary convergence is a gradual process from adjacent knowledge domain to remote knowledge fields, and the degree of collaborative progress among discipline groups is gradually enhanced. These will provide support and enlightenment for us to better understand the law of interdisciplinary integration, coordinate planning of discipline development, and focus on basic research.
Large Research Infrastructure(LRI) is the pioneer capital for the development of a science and technology power and an innovation-oriented country. Being strategic, intensive invested and public focused, LRI is the foundation of the national innovation ecosystem. For a long time, there is a lack of targeted LRI evaluation methods to guide the improvement of investment efficiency. This paper aims at value orientation of LRI’s transformative development in the new period, in reference to the international methods, makes clear of LRI evaluation principle, builds "function, goal, input, activity, output, effect” evaluation logic, and forms the “frame-criterion-standard-actor” evaluation framework, and puts forward the LRI evaluation index system. At last, the practical application of LRI evaluation framework and index is discussed.
The increasing investment in R&D and stagnant or even retrogression of total factor productivity severely restricted the high-quality development of Chinese economy. On the basis of R&D resources allocation, the thesis introduces the resource misallocation method into knowledge production function and measures the distorted allocation of R&D funds and personnel in China's innovative production system with the use of the panel data of China’s 30 provinces and cities from 2000 to 2016 （except Tibet, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan）. The thesis also studies the effect of distorted allocation of R&D resources on total factor productivity, and the threshold effect of the corrective action existed in the distorted allocation of Chinese R&D resources. The research results show that, firstly, excessive allocation of funds and insufficient allocation of personnel exist in China's R&D resources. Secondly, the distorted allocation of R&D resources restricts the growth of total factor productivity, and the negative effect of the distorted allocation of R&D funds is greater. Thirdly, innovation environment and opening-up have a positive effect on improving total factor productivity, while government policy intervention has significantly restricted total factor productivity growth. Lastly, human capital can absorb excessive R&D funds when it reaches a certain level, but most provinces and cities do not reach this threshold level. To optimize the allocation of R&D resources and give play to its positive promoting effect on total factor productivity, a long-term mechanism for allocating R&D resources dominated by the market should be established to improve the rational flow of R&D resource elements through optimizing innovation environment and improving informatization level. Meanwhile, evaluate the effectiveness of the government's R&D fund allocation policy, and constantly improve the fiscal and tax policy support rules and methods of R&D funds. To play the corrective role of human capital, education training and health investment should be increased, while talent quality and human capital level should be improved as well, and "human capital bonus" should be replaced by "demographic dividend".
Intellectual property finance is an important part of intellectual property operation ecology and an important financial innovation. Through research, the intellectual property financial service mode is divided into two main types: "government led" and "market led". This paper uses the method of single case optimal practice to study, and selects KOTEC as the research object. It finds that the intellectual property financial service in South Korea is the product of the combination of small and medium-sized enterprise financial service and technology financial service. With the support of the government and the participation of many subjects, financial service system of intellectual property rights has been formed with the main characteristics of legalization of the functions of service institutions, marketization of operation modes, specialization of service capabilities and diversification of technical evaluation. Based on this, the paper puts forward countermeasures and suggestions for the establishment and improvement of the intellectual property financial service system in China.
In China, the economy has entered the stage of high-quality development. As the main bearing form of regional economic development, how to improve the level of regional integration and promote the high-quality development of urban agglomeration economy has become a hot spot of regional economic research. In this paper, the Yangtze River Delta City Economic Coordination Committee as a mechanism of regional cooperation is regarded as a quasi natural experiment. Through the double difference method, an empirical model is established to investigate the impact of regional integration on the high-quality economic development of the Yangtze River Delta city cluster, and its heterogeneity and mechanism are discussed in depth. The research shows that regional integration improves the overall quality of economic development of the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration, and the robustness test also supports this conclusion. The heterogeneity test shows that regional integration promotes the quality of economic development of the original cities and new cities in the Yangtze River Delta, and the promotion effect is greater in the original cities than in the new cities. The mechanism test shows that regional integration can promote the high-quality economic development of the whole city, the original city and the new city through the market integration mechanism and the industrial structure upgrading mechanism, but the role of the economic linkage mechanism has regional differences.
According to the natural-resource-based view and strategic fit theory, this study taking the logical relationship of "green entrepreneurship orientation - organizational capability - firm performance", constructing the relationship between green entrepreneurship orientation, entrepreneurship opportunity recognition, environmental uncertainty and performance of agricultural new ventures as the theoretical model. Through empirical analysis of 301 valid samples, we find that: green entrepreneurial orientation can improve the environmental and financial performance of agricultural new ventures; entrepreneurial opportunity recognition plays a partly mediator role on relationship between green entrepreneurial orientation and agricultural new ventures’ performance; the environmental uncertainty negatively influences the relationship between entrepreneurial opportunity recognition and environmental performance, and moderator the intermediary effect of entrepreneurial opportunity recognition between green entrepreneurship orientation and environmental performance of agricultural new ventures.
Existing studies have focused on the relationship between attribution and serial entrepreneurship, and explored the attribution of failure as a convergent concept. However, it is not clear what combination of attribution methods is conducive to failure recovery and serial entrepreneurship. Based on the previous research on the recovery of entrepreneurial failure, this study uses 72 entrepreneurs' entrepreneurial failure experiences as data sources, and uses qualitative comparative analysis to explore the impact of the combination of failure attribution on the recovery of failure. At the same time, this study conducted an in-depth interview analysis of eight entrepreneurs with entrepreneurial failure experiences. This study found that when failure is attributed to controllable internal causes, unstable external causes or uncontrollable external causes, it can help entrepreneurs to recovery from their failures. On this basis, this study draws some inspirations from the aspects of emotional management, failure learning, attribution guidance and other aspects to promote the recovery of entrepreneurial failure. It is of great significance for entrepreneurs to better recover from failure and restart entrepreneurship.
As a “one-stop” patent licensing solution, patent pool has effectively solved the challenges in fragmented patent market and played an important role in industrial innovation. In recent years, patent pools has shown obvious intergenerational evolution phenomenon. During this process, the patent pool business model has continuously upgraded and the scope of application was significantly expanded. However, the existing literature has rarely discussed the evolution process and the dynamic mechanism related to it. Through analyzing and comparing the evolution process of optical disk and MPEG patent pools, we discussed the process, modes and development trend of intergenerational evolution of patent pools. The study found that with the changes of environment, the number of patents in the patent pool is increasing, the membership structure is increasingly diversified, and the governance structure is more complicated. Modern patent pools evolved from patent pool to super patent pools such as “pool of pools” and “diversified patent pool portfolios". The research conclusions have important contribution and enlightenment to the intellectual property management theory and China's industrial innovation practice.
Based on the typical facts of rapid growth of China's R&D investment and slowdown in TFP, this paper seeks to explore the issue of how to solve the dilemma of scientific & technological (S&T) innovation from a new perspective of its synergistic development with human capital accumulation. Firstly, it analyzes the synergistic mechanism of S&T innovation and human capital affecting green TFP, and then the impact of the synergy between S&T innovation and human capital is empirically examined with industrial panel data of China’s Manufacturing. This paper also discusses the differences of synergistic effeccts in different industries. The results show that independent R&D innovation, cooperative R&D innovation and non-R&D innovation have no significant impact on the green TFP solely, but the synergy between S&T innovation and human capital has a significant and positive effect on the green TFP. This suggests that the synergistic development between S&T innovation and human capital is the key to cracking the predicament of S&T innovation, "R&D - productivity paradox" and promoting the high-quality development. The synergistic effect of human capital and S&T innovation differs in different industries, and it is not significant in high-tech industries, which could be related to the higher demand for human capital in high-tech industries. These findings provide theoretical basis and decision reference for the idea of "accelerating the building of industrial system in which real economy, scientific and technological innovation, modern finance, and human resources develop synergistically" and China’s economy transforming into the stage of high-quality development proposed by the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China
Innovation subjects make contributions to the developments of technology and economy through exploring and operating technology innovation. Patent licensing is an important means of technology operation which is crucial for the transformation from technology to economy. It is meaningful to understand the patent licensing deeply by analyzing the difference of licensing of different types of innovation subjects to guide the stakeholders to make effective and proper policy. Data on patent licensing from universities, research institutes, enterprises, and individuals in 2018 is used for the empirical analysis of the difference in patent licensing with the method of statistical and regression method. The results show that there are obvious differences in the patent licensing of different types of innovation subjects. Besides, the strategy of exclusive licensing is influenced by the types of innovation subjects, the area of technology, and other variables. In order to improve the quality of the patent licensing and realize the sound development, it is necessary to make specific policies for different types of innovation subjects.
When abruptly confronting the coronavirus endemic in the end of 2019, China’s heavily invested Smart City project did little good, while the urgently developed Health Code achieved great success. Based on personal interviews and open reports, the paper studies three different types of health codes, and uses these cases to testify the rationale of Smart City and, in light of the theory of innovation ecology, to develop a hypothesis of innovation value-chain. To be more specific, the paper argues that a successful introduction of technological innovation to social governance has to go through a relay race between the trial-and-error of the starups, the empowerment of platform enterprises, and the coordination of local governments, all of them being indispensable and their join force following the right sequence. As we believe, this relay race model of health code shall shed new light on the general patterns of innovation diffusion and have policy implications for countries promoting indigenous innovations.
Based on the analysis of the characteristics and formation process of the dissipative structure of the regional innovation ecosystem in China, through the scientific translation of the Brusselator model, a judgment model of the dissipative structure of the regional innovation ecosystem is constructed. Based on panel data from 2013 to 2017, this paper empirically analyzes the dissipative structure of the regional innovation ecosystem 31 provinces in mainland China. The study found: The regional innovation ecosystem in China has the prerequisites for forming a dissipative structure; At this stage, the dissipative structure of the regional innovation ecosystem in most provinces of China has not been formed, but the number is increasing year by year. And when a dissipative structure appears in a regional innovation ecosystem of a province in a certain year, it will maintain the continuity of the dissipative structure phenomenon in the following period. The overall order degree and overall order improvement potential of China’s regional innovation ecosystem are shown in the central region > eastern region > western region > northeast region. Some economically developed regions have not formed a dissipation structure. Based on the above research conclusions, policy recommendations are proposed for the construction of the dissipative structure of China’s regional innovation ecosystem in terms of comprehensiveness, flexibility, interactivity and coordination.
Facing the financing dilemma of green innovation of manufacturing enterprises, how to solve the problem of information disclosure and promote the financial innovation of financial institutions to invest in enterprises is the key to realizing the green transformation and upgrading of China’s manufacturing industry, and government regulation is a necessary means to promote green innovation of enterprises. Based on this, a tripartite evolutionary game model of government, enterprises, and financial institutions is constructed, and the evolutionary process of the interactive effects of government regulation on the green innovation of manufacturing enterprises is analyzed using evolutionary game theory and Python simulation. The study found that: (1) government regulation can significantly affect corporate information disclosure behaviors and promote the willingness of financial institutions to invest in green innovation. (2) the greater the government’s penalty factor for concealing information, the better it is for companies to evolve in the direction of public information. (3) When the reward coefficient is moderate, the larger the government’s reward coefficient for corporate information disclosure and financial institution investment, the better it is to overcome the problems of corporate green innovation information disclosure and financing dilemma, and to realize the green transformation and upgrading of manufacturing. Enterprises bring value-added, and enterprises give government feedback subsidies. When the feedback coefficient is large, both companies and financial institutions will evolve in a direction that is conducive to the development of green innovation.
