Drawing upon organizational design and knowledge governance theory, effective process formalization is conducive to new product creativity, using 206 Chinese firms as the research objects, first test the direct effect of process formalization on new product creativity, and then further analysis the moderating role of knowledge governance, environmental dynamism, and the interaction of them in the relationship between process formalization and new product creativity. Results show that process formalization is positively related to new product creativity; formal knowledge governance negative moderate the relationship between process formalization and new product creativity, while informal knowledge governance positive moderate the relationship between them. Moreover, the three-way interaction effort of process formalization, formal knowledge governance and environmental dynamism is positively related to new product creativity. Implications and suggestions for future research are provided.
Healthy development and evolution of scientific knowledge network is important to cities’ innovation. This paper use the data of the paper cooperation between 25 cities in the YangTze River Delta from 2000 to 2015, analysis the dynamic evolution of whole network and ego network combining the indicators of structure、spatial characteristics and complexity. Major findings include: (1)Function in the topological indicators of the whole network are power-low functions. The network is expanding, weights、density and cluster coefficient are increasing every year. (2)The trend of integrated network is evolving to “small-world”, which is more obvious after 2008 and has scale-free characteristic. (3)Nodes Degree distribution of city ego network obey the bell curve which means the fairness of cooperated chances. The nodes and edges distribution of weight are consistent with the Pareto distribution, which means the agglomeration of the cooperated resource. Spatial mode of network are hierarchical diffusion and multiple centrality structure. (4) City ego network evolve from cooperation to research. The speed of evolve will be more far. Research cities are the major power of the network development and evolution lately.
Patent and paper are important scientific outputs for research institutes (RIs). Utilizing NB and ZINB count model to control the possible biases from the zero-inflated and over dispersion, we for the first time evaluates the impact of various of S&T inputs and characteristic variables on the output of patent and paper based on a panel dataset consisting 1813 of China’s research institutes from 1998-2005. We obtain three results: (1) S&T personnel without graduate degree is not significantly promote the output of patent. Among the other three S&T inputs with the positive estimates, S&T personnel with graduate degree have a larger impact on the patent output. The impact of S&T intermediate inputs on paper is not significant. Among the other three S&T inputs with the positive estimates, high-level S&T personnel have a larger impact on the paper output. (2)Compared with the RIs supervised by local government, RIs by central government publish more papers, and apply less patent. Compared with RIs located in the eastern region, RIs in central and west region apply less patent. Paper publication is not significantly different among the three regions. RIs located in manufacture industries have more patents and less papers, and RIs in public service industry have less patents and more papers. (3)Compared with the non-converted RIs, S&T enterprises apply more patents to satisfy the demand of innovation market, however, NPR and NPNR, which focus more on basic R&D and public services, significantly increase their publication.
The research on technological progress is generally assumed that it is neutral, and embodied technological progress is neglected which was fused in capital, resulting that it cannot make a reasonable explanation to the phenomenon of China's rapid economic growth and TFP showing a downward trend coexisting. By breaking the traditional calculation of technology progress, this paper establish a new model which is to measure capital-embodied technical progress, through selecting the manufacturing industry and sub-sector as the research object, to try to explain the phenomenon of this kind of anti-tradition. The results show that the technical progress of China’s manufacturing industry is capital-biased obviously; And the contribution rate of capital-embodied technological progress to economic growth is 12.15%, accounting for 16.95% of the total contribution. As ignoring this part of technical progress measurement, the traditional study underestimated the role of technological progress. Among them, the highest contribution rate of capital-embodied technological progress to economic growth is technology-intensive industries, while labor-intensive industries of capital-embodied technological progress is the lowest, and capital-intensive industries is mostly in the intermediate stage. Within the capital-embodied technical progress, foreign-based capital equipment played a key role, but has entered the stage of decreasing returns to scale, and human capital is the core which is also one of the most lack of elements for China's manufacturing industry transformation and upgrading.
Based on urban panel data from 2003 to 2013 in China, This paper estimates a spatial Durbin model to examine the relationship between service sector including its sub-sectors and urban technology development. The results are robust to three different spatial weight matrixes and indicate as follows. Firstly, producer service and public service agglomeration can significantly promote local urban technology development, while consumer service agglomeration inhibits technology development. From the view of region, the agglomeration effects of producer service and public service manifest a U-shaped structure. Secondly, producer and public service agglomeration show obvious spatial spillover effects in western regional. On account of positive spillover effects and agglomeration shadows, spatial spillover effect is not obvious in national level, eastern region and central region.
This paper takes the output and input of technology markets as analytical indicators, and uses gravity center model and statistics map to study the spatial pattern and evolution trends of technology transfer source regions and sink regions from 1992 to 2014 in China from the dynamic and static perspective. And on basis of it, the paper uses standard deviation and variation coefficient to investigate the different degrees and development trends of source regions and sink regions. The results show as folows: firstly, the movement trajectory of gravity centers of technology source regions is first towards southwest, and then towards northeast, and finally towards west, while movement trajectory of gravity centers of technology sink regions is first towards south,and then towards north, finally towards southwest. Secondly, the technology source regions in China initially mainly locate in the eastern coastal areas, but in recent years form formed a number of large source regions in the central and western areas, Such as Shanxi, Chongqing, Hubei, Anhui; the technology sink regions in China also initially locate in the eastern areas, while the space stucture shows a trend moving towards west and south in in recent years. Thirdly, the absolute differences of technology source regions and sink regions are growing, the relative difference of technology source regions and sink regions are growing before 2006, while after 2006 the relative difference of technology source regions begins to become stable, and the relative difference of sink regions continues to decrease.
Based on a sample questionnaire of science and technology personnel at the universities, research institutions and enterprises R&D institutions, it is found that the main influencing factors of researchers going abroad are high level of science and technology, regulation of scientific research management and good working and living conditions. We also found the main influencing factors of researchers going home are the influence of family, better career development and loving motherland. Our questionnaire results indicated that the main problems of the introduction of world-class top talent are the bad air environment, high house prices in big cities and nonstandard in scientific management; The main obstacles of the enterprises to attract international talent are the distrust development prospect and instable comparing with universities and institutions; The main problems of overseas visiting scholars program are the lacking of clear research goals and effective monitoring and evaluation mechanism. According to the questionnaire results, related policy suggestions on the Chinese researchers international flow are raised in the end.
As an important and effective policy tool for intervening and stimulating enterprise R&D investment, tax favors are used by more and more countries, and there is a strong evidence in theory and practice. Firstly, in order to evaluate the effect of China's preferential tax policies of enterprise R&D investment, the author established a mathematical model based on the horizontal innovation which composed of R&D sector，final goods production, intermediate goods production and so on. From derivation and analysis of the model, we found that plus tax deduction rate and corporate R&D investment is related, and when plus pre tax deduction remained unchanged and R&D expense deduction scope, the enterprise suitable to the high tax rate will invest more funds in R&D activities. Secondly, we select the data from the Shanghai and Shenzhen listing Corporation to establish a Difference-in-Difference model to evaluate the effect of the tax favor policy implemented in 2013. The study found that the tax favor policy for the country's key support and small and micro high-tech enterprise R&D investment has not reached the expected incentive effect, which is consistent with the conclusion of the mathematical model. Finally, a brief summary of the full text and put forward relevant policy recommendations.
Drawn on Knowledge-Base Theory (KBT) and the perspective of organizational ambidexterity, we explore the relationship among ambidextrous integration of knowledge(including efficient integration of knowledge and flexible integration of knowledge), entrepreneurial capability and high-tech new venture performance.Using the data from 279 Chinese high-tech new ventures, the empirical analysis results show that ambidextrous integration of knowledge has a positive effect on both high-tech new venture performance and entrepreneurial capability. Moreover, entrepreneurial capability is the complete mediator in the relationship between ambidextrous integration of knowledge and high-tech new venture performance. Our research provides deeper insights into KB, helps fill the extant research gap and promotes the development and integration of KBT and research on entrepreneurial capability. This research also offers critical guidelines for new ventures to integrate entrepreneurial knowledge efficiently and flexibly for entrepreneurial capability building and thus increase their performance in the context of transition economies.
Using the principles of interpretive structure model to construct the level hierarchical structure model of factors affecting women’ entrepreneurial performance，and identify clearly that’s basic conditions, key factors, benchmarks and build path.By choosing a typical entrepreneurial failure case to test the conceptual model. The study found：(1)A series of factors about policy support, the level of economic development , entrepreneurial atmosphere, legal guarantee, traditional thinking, family relationships are the basic condition affecting women’ entrepreneurial performance. (2) A series of factors including the entrepreneurial motivation ( pursuit of independence, economic needs, personal achievements), role perception, personality are the driving factors.(3) A series of Intermediary service，industry environment, entry timing will affecting women’ entrepreneurial performance.(4) Personal capital，network capital，venture management，and sustainability innovation capability are the key factors.(5) The building, output, and maintenance of product service and corporate image are the important benchmarks to measure and reflect the level of women’ entrepreneurial performance.
Industry-University Collaboration(IUC) plays an important role in the improvement of enterprises' performance, but existing literature studies ignored research on process, Intellectual capital is one of important factors. On the basis of previous research, different IUC relations have different influence on enterprises ' intellectual capital. The relationships of IUC will be divided into two categories including Related Relationship and Transactional Relationship. Through questionnaire survey and data analysis of 177 firms, explaining different IUC relations have different influence on enterprises ' intellectual capital from an empirical perspective., Industry-University Collaboration(IUC) plays an important role in the improvement of enterprises' performance, but existing literature studies ignored research on process, Intellectual capital is one of important factors. On the basis of previous research, different IUC relations have different influence on enterprises ' intellectual capital. The relationships of IUC will be divided into two categories including Related Relationship and Transactional Relationship. Through questionnaire survey and data analysis of 177 firms, explaining different IUC relations have different influence on enterprises ' intellectual capital from an empirical perspective.
Abstract: Recently, practical and academic scholars have increasingly paid attention to the effect of open innovation paradigm on firms’ innovation capability, especially incremental innovation capability. Based on the perspective of network embeddedness, this study explores the impact of openness on firms’ incremental innovation capability by conducting patent network analysis and hierarchical regression analysis with patent data of main enterprises in the field of smart phone industry during 2000~2014. These results show that, (1) Network embeddedness directly affects firms’ incremental innovation capability, and openness indirectly affects their incremental innovation capability through moderating the relationship between network embeddedness and their incremental innovation capability; (2) At the budding period of technology, openness has a positive moderating effect on relationship between network embeddedness and incremental innovation capability; (3) At the emerging period of technology, the moderating effect of openness disappears; (4) At the stable period of technology, breadth of openness has a positive moderating effect on relationship between network embeddedness and incremental innovation capability.
Makerspace as a new model of public participating in innovation needs development and industrial connection, therefore, it’s important to build innovative network and prevent innovative network from shrinking. In this paper, considering the factors of network structure property, member node feature, cooperative strategy choice, internal and external control types and so on, the simulation model is built and the numerical analysis is made from a dynamic network evolution perspective. This paper analyzes the innovative network development and enlargement from the number of connections and the distribution of connections, and also analyzes the diffusion mechanism of the promise-breaking behavior in cooperation innovation network from the edge-deleted ratio and the node-deleted ratio. The study found that the impact of different cooperative connections on innovation network would be changeable, and the connection intensity has positive influence on the diffusion of the promise-breaking behavior in cooperative network, at the same time, network scale, control factor and threshold value have different regulation effects on this influence.
Using the data of 371 Chinese innovation-oriented firms, this paper empirically tested the relationship between independent R&D and innovation performance, and on this base, we have further probed the moderating effects of region-specific institutions. By these results, we have discovered that, （1）independent R&D has significant positive influence on innovation performance.（2）domestic firms in different regions of China do not equally benefit from independent R&D. Firms that operate in regions with higher levels of international openness, intellectual property right protection and market development are better able to use independent R&D to improve their innovation performance. (3) The results also reveal that the moderating effects of region-specific institutions depend on the ownership types of firms, and whether they have been listed or built oversea R&D centers. Our studies have important enlightenment for understanding the role of region-specific institutions in firms’ innovation process, and promoting the strategy of innovation-driven development.
