关键词: 科研安全, 战略布局, 政策工具, 美国, 国际科技合作

Abstract: With the increasing complexity of the global research landscape, ensuring research security has emerged as a crucial element in international scientific and technological cooperation. This article critically examines the policy instruments employed by the United States in strategically addressing research security concerns, offering insights for China's own approach. The article begins by tracing the evolution of the U.S. research security strategy, delving into its underlying logic and motivations. It then focuses on key polar policies that shape the trajectory of this strategy, providing a detailed analysis of various policy instruments such as institutionalization construction, policy measures, and pilot mechanisms. Furthermore, it explores the impact on both the global research ecosystem and China's science and technology enterprise while proposing implications that underscore the strategic significance of research security: enhancing existing policy systems, strengthening management mechanisms for research security, and striking a balance between safeguarding national interests and fostering international cooperation. Finally, drawing upon an overview of U.S. research security strategic layout studies to date, this article presents future prospects for further investigation in this field. By offering valuable perspectives and strategies to comprehend and respond effectively to emerging trends in international research security issues.