高校创新基地建立对科技发展影响实证研究

科学学研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (1): 216-224.

• 技术创新与制度创新 • 上一篇

高校创新基地建立对科技发展影响实证研究

刘传斌¹^,²(), 刘畅³, 杨健安¹, 王丹⁴, 李昕然⁵

¹ 教育部高等学校科学研究发展中心, 北京 100080
² 哈尔滨工程大学经济管理学院, 黑龙江哈尔滨 150001
³ 重庆市教育委员会, 重庆 400020
⁴ 重庆大学公共管理学院, 重庆 400044
⁵ 四川大学科学技术发展研究院, 四川成都 610065

收稿日期:2022-12-05 修回日期:2023-03-30 出版日期:2024-01-15 发布日期:2024-01-15
作者简介:刘传斌(1991-),男,助理研究员,博士,E-mail:liuchuanbingl@163.com。
刘畅(1977-),女,博士。
杨健安(1964-),男,研究员。
王丹(1991-),女,助理研究员,博士。
李昕然(1986-),男,助理研究员,博士研究生。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目(72004085);中国工程科技发展战略重庆研究院2022年度咨询研究项目(2022-CQ-YB-1)

An empirical study on the influence of science and technology innovation base on science and technology innovation in universities

LIU Chuan-bin¹^,²(), LIU Chang³, YANG Jian-an¹, WANG Dan⁴, LI Xin-ran⁵

¹ Center for Scientific Research and Development in Higher Education Institutes, Ministry of Education, Beijing 10010, China
² School of Economics and Management, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150000, China
³ Chongqing Municipal Education Commission, Chongqing 400020, China
⁴ School of Public Policy and Administration, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
⁵ Institute of Science and Technology Development, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China

Received:2022-12-05 Revised:2023-03-30 Online:2024-01-15 Published:2024-01-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

科技创新基地作为国家战略科技力量的第一梯队,高校是科技创新基地的主要依托单位,但少有研究以实证分析回答科技创新基地的建立能否促进高校科技创新发展这一问题。本文采用2008-2017年间中国394所高校的混合截面数据和典型的科技创新基地数据,运用双重差分法研究了科技创新基地建立对于高校科技创新水平的影响,并根据高校所在地区、隶属部门的不同进行了异质性检验。实证表明:第一,整体上科技创新基地的建立显著提升了高校科技创新水平;第二,西部地区科技创新基地的建立对高校科技创新水平影响最强,中部地区效果次之,而东部地区无显著影响;第三,科技创新基地对不同隶属部门高校科技创新水平均具有积极影响。因此,相关部门应充分发挥科技创新基地对于高校科技创新水平的导向作用;因地制宜加强布局建设,尤其是西部高校科技创新基地建设,进一步推进西部高校科技创新发展;应综合考虑多种因素,保障科技创新基地高效开展科技创新活动,带动高校科技创新发展。

关键词: 科技创新基地, 高校科技创新, 双重差分法

Abstract:

Science and technology innovation base is the first echelon of national strategic science and technology force, and colleges and universities are the main supporting units of science and technology innovation base. However, few studies have explored whether the establishment of science and technology innovation base can promote the development of science and technology innovation in colleges and universities with empirical analysis.

Limited by the availability of data, most of the researches on the scientific and technological innovation base and the scientific and technological innovation level of colleges and universities adopt qualitative analysis, while only a small amount of quantitative analysis is conducted at the provincial and municipal level. In addition, due to the inconsistency of research objects, selected indexes and research time interval, the conclusions are quite different. As the main body of science and technology innovation base, whether the establishment of science and technology innovation base is conducive to the development of science and technology innovation in colleges and universities is still lacking empirical support.

Based on the mixed cross-section data of 394 Chinese universities and typical science and technology innovation base data from 2008 to 2017, this paper studies the influence of the establishment of science and technology innovation base on the science and technology innovation of colleges and universities by using the method of difference-in-differences (DID), and conducts heterogeneity test according to the different regions and upstream authorities of colleges and universities. The empirical results show that the science and technology innovation base has significantly improved the level of science and technology innovation in universities. Secondly, the establishment of science and technology innovation base in western region has the strongest impact on science and technology innovation in universities, followed by the central region, and has no significant impact on the eastern region. Thirdly, the science and technology innovation base has a positive impact on the science and technology innovation level of colleges and universities under different upstream authorities.

Therefore, relevant departments should give full play to the guiding role of science and technology innovation base for the level of science and technology innovation in colleges and universities. These departments should also strengthen the layout construction according to local conditions, especially the construction of scientific and technological innovation base of western universities, and further promote the development of scientific and technological innovation in colleges and universities.

The contributions of this paper are threefolds. First, the research perspective is refined from the region or city to the university level for the first time, to investigate the role of the university level science and technology innovation base on the level of university science and technology innovation, to provide a more detailed insight for the investigation of science and technology innovation base. Secondly, it quantifies the effect of the establishment of scientific and technological innovation bases in colleges and universities, overcomes the defect that quantitative analysis can only identify the correlation in the past, and verifies the causal relationship between the construction and development of scientific and technological innovation bases in colleges and universities. Thirdly, the paper analyzes the difference of the effect of science and technology innovation base from the two aspects of regional heterogeneity and the heterogeneity of subordinate departments, which provides the decision basis for the establishment of science and technology innovation base in universities in the future.

Key words: science and technology innovation base, science and technology innovation in colleges and universities, DID method

中图分类号:

G644

刘传斌, 刘畅, 杨健安, 王丹, 李昕然. 高校创新基地建立对科技发展影响实证研究[J]. 科学学研究, 2024, 42(1): 216-224.

LIU Chuan-bin, LIU Chang, YANG Jian-an, WANG Dan, LI Xin-ran. An empirical study on the influence of science and technology innovation base on science and technology innovation in universities[J]. Studies in Science of Science, 2024, 42(1): 216-224.

图/表 7

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被解释变量	指标
高校科技创新水平	研究与发展人员合计(人)
	研究与发展人员中科学家、工程师和技术员合计(人)
	研究与发展人员中科学家、工程师和技术员中高级人员(人)
	科技经费当年内部支出(千元)
	研究与发展课题当年投入人数
	研究与发展课题当年拨入经费(千元)
	研究与发展课题当年支出经费(千元)
	专著
	学术论文(篇)
	学术论文中国外及全国性刊物发表
	鉴定成果数
	技术转让合同数
	技术转让当年实际收入(千元)
	成果授奖中国家级奖
	科技经费中企事业单位委托(千元)
	教学与科研人员中科学家和工程师合计(人)
	教学与科研人员科学家和工程师中高级人员(人)
	研究与发展人员当时全量人员(人)
	科技经费中政府资金(千元)

被解释变量	指标
高校科技创新水平	研究与发展人员合计(人)
	研究与发展人员中科学家、工程师和技术员合计(人)
	研究与发展人员中科学家、工程师和技术员中高级人员(人)
	科技经费当年内部支出(千元)
	研究与发展课题当年投入人数
	研究与发展课题当年拨入经费(千元)
	研究与发展课题当年支出经费(千元)
	专著
	学术论文(篇)
	学术论文中国外及全国性刊物发表
	鉴定成果数
	技术转让合同数
	技术转让当年实际收入(千元)
	成果授奖中国家级奖
	科技经费中企事业单位委托(千元)
	教学与科研人员中科学家和工程师合计(人)
	教学与科研人员科学家和工程师中高级人员(人)
	研究与发展人员当时全量人员(人)
	科技经费中政府资金(千元)

变量	innovation	innovation
变量	(1)	(2)
treatedt	0.392^** (0.182)	0.597^** (0.232)
TFF	0.001 (0.002)	0.000 (0.004)
Lnpgdp	-0.889^*** (0.113)	1.234^** (0.522)
Lnforeign	0.087^*** (0.029)	0.061^** (0.027)
个体固定	否	是
年份固定	否	是
Constant	-8.943^*** (1.120)	-11.737^** (5.287)
Observations	3841	3841
R-squared	0.430	0.556

变量	innovation	innovation
变量	(1)	(2)
treatedt	0.392^** (0.182)	0.597^** (0.232)
TFF	0.001 (0.002)	0.000 (0.004)
Lnpgdp	-0.889^*** (0.113)	1.234^** (0.522)
Lnforeign	0.087^*** (0.029)	0.061^** (0.027)
个体固定	否	是
年份固定	否	是
Constant	-8.943^*** (1.120)	-11.737^** (5.287)
Observations	3841	3841
R-squared	0.430	0.556

变量	innovation	innovation
变量	(1)	(2)
treatedt _a2	-0.037 (0.178)
treatedt _a3		-0.050 (0.143)
个体固定	是	是
年份固定	是	是
控制变量	是	是
Constant	-11.875^** (5.308)	-11.874^** (5.305)
Observations	3841	3841
R-squared	0.560	0.560

高校创新基地建立对科技发展影响实证研究

An empirical study on the influence of science and technology innovation base on science and technology innovation in universities

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变量	innovation	innovation	innovation
变量	(1)	(2)	(3)
treatedt_dongbu	0.700 (0.439)
treated_zhongbu		0.468^*** (0.133)
treatedt_xibu			0.472^*** (0.098)
个体固定	是	是	是
年份固定	是	是	是
控制变量	是	是	是
Constant	-12.104^** (5.368)	-11.809^** (5.297)	-11.672^** (5.309)
Observations	3841	3841	3841
R-squared	0.562	0.558	0.556

变量	innovation	innovation
变量	(1)	(2)
treatedt_jiaoyubu	3.536^*** (0.712)
treatedt_qita		0.581^** (0.238)
个体固定	是	是
年份固定	是	是
控制变量	是	是
Constant	-26.823 (22.846)	-11.652^** (5.279)
Observations	3841	3841
R-squared	0.662	0.554

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