管理科学面向国家重大需求的科学问题凝练

科学学研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (1): 118-125.

管理科学面向国家重大需求的科学问题凝练

吴刚¹(), 陈中飞¹, 汪锋¹^,², 朱战国¹^,³, 刘作仪¹

¹ 国家自然科学基金委员会管理科学部, 北京 100085
² 重庆大学经济与工商管理学院, 重庆 400030
³ 南京农业大学经济管理学院, 江苏南京 210095

收稿日期:2022-09-28 修回日期:2022-10-25 出版日期:2024-01-15 发布日期:2024-01-15
通讯作者: 吴刚(1977-),男,研究员,博士,E-mail: wugang@nsfc.gov.cn。
作者简介:陈中飞(1985-),男,副研究员,博士。
汪锋(1982-),男,教授,博士。
朱战国(1983-),男,教授,博士。
刘作仪(1968-),男,研究员,博士。

The scientific questions proposing for thenational major needs by the management sciences

WU Gang¹(), CHEN Zhong-fei¹, WANG Feng¹^,², ZHU Zhan-guo¹^,³, LIU Zuo-yi¹

¹ Department of Management Sciences, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Beijing 100085, China
² School of Economics and Business Administration, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
³ Collegeof Economics and Management, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China

Received:2022-09-28 Revised:2022-10-25 Online:2024-01-15 Published:2024-01-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

国家自然科学基金经过30多年的实践和探索,在自由探索的组织模式上积累了富有成效的成功经验,但在面向国家重大需求的有组织的创新模式上,还有待于进一步探索。为了引导科学家将源于好奇心的自由探索与国家重大需求紧密结合,破解科技领域“卡脖子”问题,管理科学部通过一系列专项项目的组织实施,积极探索面向国家重大需求的科学问题凝练机制“六个步骤”,探讨有组织的创新模式,助力产生“用得上、用得好”的科研成果,以期推动基础研究更好地服务国家高质量发展的目标。

关键词: 科学问题, 科学前沿, 国家重大需求, 基础研究, 管理科学

Abstract:

After three decades of practice and exploring, the National Natural Science Foundation of China has accumulated successful experiences for the management of the interest-oriented research funding. However, it still needs to further explore the management of organized innovation facing to the nation’s major needs. To lead the scientists to combine the interest-oriented research and the one facing to the nation’s major needs, solving the problem of “stuck neck” in the science and technology, the department of Management Sciences had implemented reforms through launching and management of a series of special projects in recent years. It had explored the mechanism for proposing the scientific questions for thenational major needs, i.e. “Six steps”, and the mode for the organized innovation, so that to produce research achievements that could be effectively employed in practice. These serve for the aim of basic research effectively promoting the high-quality development of China.

Key words: scientific questions, frontier of sciences, national major needs, basic research, management sciences

中图分类号:

G311

吴刚, 陈中飞, 汪锋, 朱战国, 刘作仪. 管理科学面向国家重大需求的科学问题凝练[J]. 科学学研究, 2024, 42(1): 118-125.

WU Gang, CHEN Zhong-fei, WANG Feng, ZHU Zhan-guo, LIU Zuo-yi. The scientific questions proposing for thenational major needs by the management sciences[J]. Studies in Science of Science, 2024, 42(1): 118-125.

图/表 6

图1 管理科学部面上、青年、地区项目科学问题属性分类情况(2019-2022年)

Figure 1 Distribution by different categories of scientific questions for projects of General Program, Young Scientist Fund and Fund for less Developed Regions in the Department of Management Sciences (2019-2022)

图2 “巴斯德象限”模型

Figure 2 Pasteur’s Quadrant model

图3 “三位一体”的优先领域/科学问题遴选机制

Figure 3 Unified “Three-dimensions” selection mechanism for prioritized fields and scientific questions

图4 自由探索项目和面向国家重大需求项目(有组织的创新)的管理模式比较

Figure 4 Comparison of management mode for the interest-oriented project and the one facing to the major needs of the nation (organized innovation)

图5 面向国家重大需求的科学问题凝练机制六个步骤

Figure 5 Six steps for proposing the scientific questions for the nation’s major needs

图6 能源安全研究方向的科学问题凝练

Figure 6 Proposing the scientific questions for the field of Energy Safety

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