• 中国科学学与科技政策研究会
  • 中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院
  • 清华大学科学技术与社会研究中心
ISSN 1003-2053 CN 11-1805/G3

科学学研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (1): 146-157.

• 科技管理与知识管理 • 上一篇    下一篇

大数据资源对制造企业数字化转型绩效的影响研究

马鸿佳, 王亚婧()   

  1. 吉林大学商学与管理学院, 吉林长春 130012
  • 收稿日期:2022-10-27 修回日期:2022-12-07 出版日期:2024-01-15 发布日期:2024-01-15
  • 通讯作者: 王亚婧(1997-),女,博士研究生,E-mail: mahongjia@sina.com
  • 作者简介:马鸿佳(1979-),男,教授、博士生导师。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目(71972084);国家自然科学基金重大项目(72091315);吉林大学创新团队项目(2022CXTD10)

Research on the impact of big data resources on the digital transformation performance of manufacturing enterprises

MA Hong-jia, WANG Ya-jing()   

  1. School of Business and Management, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
  • Received:2022-10-27 Revised:2022-12-07 Online:2024-01-15 Published:2024-01-15

摘要:

数字经济时代下,制造企业利用大数据资源促进数字化转型已经成为必然选择,并逐渐成为研究热点。本文运用Mplus8.0 软件通过结构方程模型方法(SEM),以427家制造企业为样本,结合动态能力理论和组织惯例理论,对制造企业大数据资源、数字动态能力、组织惯例更新与数字化转型绩效之间的影响展开研究。实证结果表明:大数据资源、数字动态能力的3个子维度:数字感知能力、数字利用能力和数字重构能力以及组织惯例更新都正向影响数字化转型绩效;数字利用能力、数字重构能力和组织惯例更新分别对大数据资源与数字化转型绩效关系具有中介效应;数字动态能力和组织惯例更新对大数据资源与数字化转型绩效关系具有链式中介效应。本文将在理论上拓展数字化情境下大数据资源对数字化转型绩效的影响研究,推动从动态能力理论和组织惯例理论研究数字化转型的理论探索;在实践上有助于指导制造企业在动态环境下借助大数据资源,提升数字动态能力,加快组织惯例更新,进而实现数字化转型。

关键词: 大数据资源, 数字动态能力, 组织惯例更新, 数字化转型

Abstract:

Digital transformation is the inevitable trend of the survival and development of manufacturing enterprises in the era of industry 4.0. In recent years, Chinese enterprises have been actively exploring the road of digital transformation, especially under the impact of the novel coronavirus pandemic, have accelerated the process of digital transformation. However, the overall digital transformation performance of Chinese enterprises is not satisfactory. According to the resource-based theory, the different competitive advantages and performance of enterprises depend on how they use resources to form unique core competence, thus influencing organizational behavior to improve performance. Specifically, by analyzing and utilizing big data resources, enterprises can more comprehensively and deeply capture the market environment and the potential demand of consumers. Although big data resources provide opportunities for enterprises' digital transformation, how to use big data resources to improve the performance of digital transformation is still a challenge.

Although scholars have done some research on big data resources and digital transformation, there are still some shortcomings in the current research results. First, the intermediate mechanism of the impact of the lack of big data resources on the performance of digital transformation; The second is the lack of research on the impact of organizational change in the process of digital transformation. Based on this, this study combines dynamic capability theory and organizational convention theory, and based on the practical background of manufacturing enterprises' digital transformation, builds a theoretical model of "big data resource-digital dynamic capability-organizational convention renewal - digital transformation performance", carries out an empirical study on the relationship between the four, and further defines the influence mechanism of big data resources on digital transformation performance.

In this study, the questionnaire Star platform was selected for investigation, the industry of the enterprise was limited to the manufacturing industry, and the positions of the personnel were middle and senior managers. The data collection period consisted of two stages: the first stage was from February 8, 2022 to February 22, 2022, and 302 questionnaires were collected; The second stage is from August 6 to August 20, 2022. 204 questionnaires were collected, and 506 questionnaires were collected in the two stages. After eliminating non-existent fake enterprises, short filling time and obvious similarity questionnaires, 427 valid questionnaires were obtained. Mplus8.0 software was used to conduct empirical research through structural equation modeling (SEM).

The study finds that: (1) Three sub-dimensions of big data resources and digital dynamic capabilities: Digital perception capability, digital utilization capability, digital reconstruction capability and organizational convention update all have positive effects on the digital transformation performance. (2) Digital utilization capability, digital reconstruction capability and organizational convention update have mediating effects on the relationship between big data resources and digital transformation performance respectively. (3) Digital dynamic capability and organizational routine updating have a chain-mediated effect on the relationship between big data resources and digital transformation performance.

This study will theoretically expand the research on the chain-mediated mechanism of big data resources on the performance of digital transformation in the context of digital digitalization, promote the theoretical exploration of digital transformation from the theory of dynamic capability and organizational practice, and further supplement the case study of Jiao Hao et al.[7]on the realization of digital transformation by data-driven dynamic capability from an empirical perspective. Echoing Hanelt et al.[9]'s view that digital transformation is an organizational transformation, responding to Verhoef et al.[2]' s topic of how big data resources promote digital transformation, opening the "black box" in the performance path from big data resources to digital transformation, and providing a new theoretical framework for the study of digital transformation; In practice, it is helpful to guide manufacturing enterprises to use big data resources in the dynamic environment, improve the digital dynamic ability, accelerate the update of organizational practices, and then realize the digital transformation.

Key words: big data resources, digital dynamic capabilities, organizational routines updating, digital transformation

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