知识搜索与科技领军企业关键核心技术突破

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以科技领军企业为研究对象,深入探讨了多元知识搜索对其关键核心技术突破的影响机制,并分析了突破意愿的调节效应以及技术专业化与技术多样化的中介作用。研究发现,内部知识搜索和外部技术知识搜索均与关键核心技术突破呈现倒U型关系;外部市场知识搜索和人才嵌入式知识搜索对关键核心技术突破存在显著的正向促进作用。此外,突破意愿能够正向调节外部知识搜索的作用,但对于内部知识搜索则表现出负向调节效应。技术专业化和技术多样化在多元知识搜索与关键核心技术突破之间发挥了差异化的中介作用。其中,内部知识搜索通过技术专业化推动技术突破,外部市场知识搜索通过技术多样化提升技术突破水平,外部技术知识搜索和人才嵌入式知识搜索同时通过技术专业化和多样化发挥作用。

关键词: 科技领军企业, 关键核心技术, 知识搜索, 技术专业化, 技术多样化

Abstract:

As the core component of the nation's strategic scientific and technological forces, leading technology enterprises bear the critical mission of overcoming key core technologies and achieving high-level self-reliance and self-strengthening in science and technology. However, at present, China's leading technology enterprises still encounter challenges such as a high degree of reliance on foreign core technologies and an imbalance between "scale expansion" and "quality breakthrough." Moreover, the traditional single knowledge search mode struggles to address the nonlinear evolution characteristics of the technical system, which may lead to technical breakthroughs being trapped in the predicament of "inefficient lock-in." In this context, constructing a diversified knowledge search paradigm of "endogenous breakthrough - exogenous activation," integrating internal knowledge reserves with external cross-domain knowledge flows, has become a pivotal pathway to empower the breakthrough of key core technologies for leading technology enterprises.

This study focuses on leading technology enterprises. By referencing relevant policy documents and research to define the research subjects, it systematically investigates the influence mechanism of multi-knowledge search on the breakthroughs of their key core technologies, yielding the following core conclusions:(1) The impact of diversified knowledge search on the breakthrough of key core technologies in leading technology enterprises exhibits differentiated characteristics. Both internal knowledge search and external technical knowledge search demonstrate an inverted U-shaped relationship with breakthroughs in key core technologies. External market knowledge search and talent-embedded knowledge search significantly promote technological breakthroughs. (2) Breakthrough willingness positively moderates the promoting effects of the three external knowledge searches (market, technology, and talent embedding) on technological breakthroughs but negatively moderates internal knowledge searches. This suggests that leading technology enterprises need to avoid excessive path dependence while strengthening the integration of external knowledge. (3) Internal knowledge search promotes breakthroughs by delving deeply into specific fields through technical specialization; external market knowledge search identifies demands and expands technical paths using diversified technologies; external technical knowledge search and talent-embedded knowledge search function simultaneously via dual pathways of technical specialization and diversification.

This study elucidates the systematic mechanism by which multi-knowledge search empowers the breakthrough of core technologies in leading technology enterprises, offering significant insights for optimizing enterprise innovation strategies: On the one hand, it is essential to balance internal and external knowledge resources, optimize knowledge search strategies, integrate internal knowledge bases using technologies like big data and artificial intelligence, and simultaneously expand collaboration with universities and research institutions, dynamically adjusting search strategies to maximize the synergy effect of internal and external knowledge. On the other hand, it is necessary to strengthen talent-embedded knowledge search. Through a diversified talent introduction, cultivation, and evaluation system, a cross-domain knowledge network should be constructed to provide diverse problem-solving ideas for technological breakthroughs. Additionally, it is crucial to build a learning organization and enhance breakthrough willingness.

The research conclusion not only enriches the theory of innovation search but also provides practical guidance for leading technology enterprises to overcome "bottleneck" technologies and achieve high-level self-reliance and self-strengthening in science and technology.

Key words: leading technology enterprises, key core technology, knowledge search, technical specialization, technological diversification

中图分类号:

G311

王慧扬, 刘建华, 赵玉冰. 知识搜索与科技领军企业关键核心技术突破[J]. 科学学研究, 2026, 44(6): 1264-1275.

WANG Hui-yang, LIU Jian-hua, ZHAO Yu-bing. Research on knowledge search and breakthroughs in key core technologies of leading technology enterprises[J]. Studies in Science of Science, 2026, 44(6): 1264-1275.

图/表 6

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选取标准	选取原因	选取依据
有效期内的高新技术企业	高新技术企业通常代表了在技术创新、研发投入、成果转化等方面具有显著优势的企业群体,是科技领军企业的基础条件。	相关文献:《科技领军企业:定义、分类评价与促进对策》(尹西明,2021)等。相关文件:《河北省科技领军企业认定管理办法(试行)》《内蒙古自治区科技领军企业认定管理办法(试行)》《天津市雏鹰企业、瞪羚企业、科技领军企业和领军培育企业评价办法》等。
上年度主营业务收入达到5亿元(含)及以上,且近3年来增长率均为正	确保了研究对象具有较大的市场规模和稳定的增长态势。
研发强度要在3%以上	高强度的科技创新投入是科技领军企业突破“卡脖子”问题,实现技术引领的保障。
ESG评分等级在A级以上	科技领军企业不仅要肩负着实现技术领先,引领科技前沿的重任,还应该具有较强的政治担当和社会使命。

选取标准	选取原因	选取依据
有效期内的高新技术企业	高新技术企业通常代表了在技术创新、研发投入、成果转化等方面具有显著优势的企业群体,是科技领军企业的基础条件。	相关文献:《科技领军企业:定义、分类评价与促进对策》(尹西明,2021)等。相关文件:《河北省科技领军企业认定管理办法(试行)》《内蒙古自治区科技领军企业认定管理办法(试行)》《天津市雏鹰企业、瞪羚企业、科技领军企业和领军培育企业评价办法》等。
上年度主营业务收入达到5亿元(含)及以上,且近3年来增长率均为正	确保了研究对象具有较大的市场规模和稳定的增长态势。
研发强度要在3%以上	高强度的科技创新投入是科技领军企业突破“卡脖子”问题,实现技术引领的保障。
ESG评分等级在A级以上	科技领军企业不仅要肩负着实现技术领先,引领科技前沿的重任,还应该具有较强的政治担当和社会使命。

指标维度	测度指标	指标含义
技术前沿性	科学关联度	科学关联度越大,说明专利引用科学类论文的数量越多,涉及的前沿领域就越多
技术前沿性	发明人数	发明人数越多,说明专利研发复杂性越高,专利技术的前沿性越强
复杂原创性	被引证次数	被引证次数越多,说明专利对后续技术创新的影响程度越大,复杂原创性越高
复杂原创性	IPC分类数	IPC分类数量越多,说明专利技术的复杂性和覆盖范围越大,复杂原创性越高
战略安全性	权利要求数	权利要求数越多,说明专利保护的权力项目越多,战略安全性越强
战略安全性	同族专利数	同族专利数越多,说明专利获得多个国家或地区的保护,战略安全性越强
市场应用性	国民经济分类号数量	国民经济分类可以反映出该项专利与产业的对接,涉及的国民经济分类越广则技术的市场应用性越高
市场应用性	申请人类型	当申请人类型为企业时能够更好地洞悉和适应市场行情,企业作为申请人则技术的市场应用性越高

指标维度	测度指标	指标含义
技术前沿性	科学关联度	科学关联度越大,说明专利引用科学类论文的数量越多,涉及的前沿领域就越多
技术前沿性	发明人数	发明人数越多,说明专利研发复杂性越高,专利技术的前沿性越强
复杂原创性	被引证次数	被引证次数越多,说明专利对后续技术创新的影响程度越大,复杂原创性越高
复杂原创性	IPC分类数	IPC分类数量越多,说明专利技术的复杂性和覆盖范围越大,复杂原创性越高
战略安全性	权利要求数	权利要求数越多,说明专利保护的权力项目越多,战略安全性越强
战略安全性	同族专利数	同族专利数越多,说明专利获得多个国家或地区的保护,战略安全性越强
市场应用性	国民经济分类号数量	国民经济分类可以反映出该项专利与产业的对接,涉及的国民经济分类越广则技术的市场应用性越高
市场应用性	申请人类型	当申请人类型为企业时能够更好地洞悉和适应市场行情,企业作为申请人则技术的市场应用性越高

变量	KCT	IKS	ETS	EMS	EPS	Size	Age	Der	Iri	Cse
KCT	1
IKS	0.1261^***	1
ETS	0.3674^***	0.4988^**	1
EMS	0.0499^*	0.0806^**	0.1097^***	1
EPS	0.0218^**	0.0369^***	0.019^*	0.0584^***	1
Size	0.1168^**	0.0283^**	0.0643^***	0.0055^***	0.0607^***	1
Age	0.3068^**	0.3452^***	0.4034^**	0.1322^***	0.0399^*	0.2912^***	1
Der	0.1774^***	0.0236^**	0.0812^***	0.0763^*	0.1315^***	0.1093	0.1907^***	1
Iri	0.0955^***	0.1203^***	0.2064^**	0.422^***	0.0985^***	0.1529^***	0.149^**	0.0675^***	1
Cse	0.0892^***	0.1248^***	0.1518^***	0.054^*	0.0796^**	-0.036^***	0.0837^***	0.0601^***	0.1235^**	1
均值	0.220	34.921	0.451	49.916	13.751	217.000	20.624	0.394	0.131	30.468
标准差	0.132	26.438	0.309	171.328	11.881	392.000	15.364	0.171	0.298	13.802
极小值	0.015	0.000	0.000	0.024	0.000	7.490	1.000	0.054	-0.479	3.370
极大值	0.635	74.000	1.000	1912.037	91.000	3437.000	65.000	0.744	2.480	77.750