• 中国科学学与科技政策研究会
  • 中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院
  • 清华大学科学技术与社会研究中心
ISSN 1003-2053 CN 11-1805/G3

科学学研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (6): 1297-1306.

• 前沿与观点 • 上一篇    下一篇

从ChatGPT 到DeepSeek:智能体价值对齐的规范进路

郑煌杰   

  1. 中国人民大学
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-05 修回日期:2025-05-26 出版日期:2026-06-15 发布日期:2026-06-15
  • 通讯作者: 郑煌杰
  • 基金资助:
    国家社科基金重大项目“习近平总书记关于民法典重要论述的学理阐释及实践研究;知识产权视野下文化数据权利界定研究;法律学说在司法中的运用研究

From ChatGPT to DeepSeek: A Standardized Approach for Intelligent Agent Value Alignment

  • Received:2025-03-05 Revised:2025-05-26 Online:2026-06-15 Published:2026-06-15

摘要: 随着“人工智能+”战略的实施,ChatGPT、DeepSeek类智能体将加速进入商业化落地阶段,为新质生产力的发展提供强劲推动力。当前,智能体已实现从单一任务处理到多模态感知、从规则驱动到自主学习、从静态响应到动态规划的技术跃迁,由此也引发了感知失控、决策失范与执行失序风险。“价值对齐”关乎智能体能否真正为人类服务,具有一定的正当性、必要性与可行性。然而,智能体面临着“应如何对齐”及“与哪些价值对齐”的现实困境,其成因则在于尚未建立健全的价值对齐体系。事实上,智能体价值对齐既是个技术性问题,也是个规范性问题,党的二十届三中全会亦强调改革应注重系统性、整体性、协同性。基于此,亟需采取技术规制、伦理适配与法律治理的协同范式:在技术层,构建动态化的价值识别系统、体系化的价值调适机制与弹性化的价值规制程式;在伦理层,遵循以人为本的伦理使命,制定科学合理的伦理原则,设计场景化的伦理规则;在法律层,确定价值对齐标准,明晰价值对齐性质,完善价值对齐评估方式,以加快形成新质生产力推进中国式现代化建设。

Abstract: With the implementation of the "Artificial Intelligence+" strategy, ChatGPT and DeepSeek intelligent agents will accelerate their commercialization and provide strong impetus for the development of new quality productivity. Currently, intelligent agents have achieved technological transitions from single task processing to multimodal perception, from rule-based to autonomous learning, and from static response to dynamic programming, which has also led to risks of perception loss, decision-making disorder, and execution disorder. The alignment of values is related to whether intelligent agents can truly serve humanity, and has certain legitimacy, necessity, and feasibility. However, intelligent agents face the practical dilemma of "how to align" and "which values to align with", which is due to the lack of a sound value alignment system. In fact, the alignment of the value of intelligent agents is both a technical and normative issue. The Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China also emphasized that reform should focus on systematicity, integrity, and synergy. Based on this, it is urgent to adopt a collaborative paradigm of technical regulation, ethical adjustment, and legal governance: at the technical level, build a dynamic value recognition system, a systematic value adjustment mechanism, and a flexible value regulation program; At the ethical level, following the ethical mission of putting people first, formulating scientifically reasonable ethical principles, and designing scenario based ethical rules; At the legal level, determine the value alignment standard, clarify the nature of value alignment, improve the value alignment evaluation method, and accelerate the formation of new quality productivity to promote Chinese path to modernization.

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